diplomsko delo
Mirjana Šipek (Author), Nina Šajna (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomskem delu so nas zanimale specifične razlike v kalitvi sorodnih vrst. Opazovali smo značilnosti kalitve desetih vrst suhega travnika. Prav tako smo v literaturi poiskali podatke, ki se nanašajo na čas cvetenja, opraševalce in raznašalce semen obravnavanih vrst. Kalili smo stara semena Anthyllis jacquinii, A. vulneraria, Centaurea rupestris, Coronilla vaginalis, Gentiana clusii, G. verna supsp. tergestina, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago holosteum, P. media in Rhinanthus minor, ki so bila nabrana na pašniku v Predmeji v Trnovskem gozdu. Semenom izbranih vrst smo določili povprečno maso in dolžino. Kalitev je potekala pod štirimi različnimi pogoji: kalitev skarificiranih semen, kalitev semen v temi in svetlobi ter kalitev semen v hladilniku. Naš cilj je bil poiskati razlike v kalitvi med vrstami istega rodu, če le-te sploh obstajajo. Vse obravnavane vrste, ki jih uvrščamo v družino metuljnic, so kalile najbolje v primeru, ko smo semena predhodno skarificirali. Delež kalivosti skarificiranih semen metuljnic je pri vseh vrstah znašal nad 50 %. Pokazale so se tudi določene razlike med kalitvijo semen A. vulneraria in A. jacquinii. Najopaznejša razlika je bila v hitrosti kalenja semen posamezne vrste. Semena P. holosteum so za razliko od metuljnic kalila v velikem deležu tudi tista, ki jih nismo skarificirali, ne glede na to ali so bila izpostavljena svetlobi ali temi. Kalila niso semena v hladilniku, dokler jih nismo prenesli v rastno komoro. Presenetljivo pa semena P. media niso kalila ne glede na pogoje kalenja. Vrsti iz rodu Gentiana tudi nista kalili, niti po predhodni hladni stratifikaciji. Prav tako niso kalila semena enoletnice R. minor. Po enomesečni hladni stratifikaciji in nadaljnji enomesečni izpostavitvi optimalnim rastnim razmeram v rastni komori so kalila semena nebinovke C. rupestris, vendar je bil delež semen, ki so kalila, zelo nizek. Vse zbrane podatke o obravnavanih vrstah smo nazadnje še statistično obdelali s klastersko metodo (K-mean clustering).

Keywords

biologija;rastlinske združbe;kalitev;semena;dormanca;diplomska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Source: Maribor
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher: [M. Šipek]
UDC: 581.142:633.2.03(043.2)
COBISS: 19856904 Link will open in a new window
Views: 2465
Downloads: 220
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Germination characteristics of coexisting congeners of Anthyillis, Gentiana and Plantago
Secondary abstract: In the graduation thesis we were interested in specific differences in the germination of coexisting species. We were observing the germination characteristics of ten dry meadows species. We searched for the data in literature that refer to flowering time, pollinators and seed dispersal of species discussed. We germinated 7-year-old seeds of Anthyllis jacquinii, A. vulneraria, Centaurea rupestris, Coronilla vaginalis, Gentiana clusii, G. vernasupsp.tergestina, Lotus corniculatus, Plantago holosteum, P. media and Rhinanthus minor that were collected in the meadow in Predmeja in Trnovski gozd. We determined the average mass and length of the seeds of the chosen species. The germination took place under four different conditions: the germination of scarified seeds, the germination of the seeds in the dark and light and the germination at 4 °C. Our goal was to find whether or not differences in germination among species of the same genus exist. All of the discussed species, which are placed in the family of legumes, germinated best when the seeds were previously scarified. The germination rate of scarified legume seeds in all of the species was above 50 %. There were certain differences between the germination of A. vulneraria and A. jacquinii seeds. The most noticeable difference was the velocity of the germination. The seeds P. holosteum germinated, and in comparison with the legumes, they germinated better when not scarified, no matter if they were exposed to the light or dark. The seeds in the fridge at 4 °C did not germinate until they were not brought to the growth chamber. After a one month cold stratification and the next one month exposure to the optimal growth circumstances in the growth chamber, the seeds of the Asteraceae C. rupestris germinated, but the germination rate was very low. Species that failed to germinate irrespectively of germination conditions were P. media, both species of genus Gentiana, and the annual R. minor. All of the collected data on the species discussed were lastly statistically analysed with the cluster analysis (K-mean clustering).
Secondary keywords: dry meadow;coexisting species;plant community;germination;seeds;dormancy;Anthyllis;Gentiana;Plantago;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za biologijo
Pages: X, 55 f.
Keywords (UDC): mathematics;natural sciences;naravoslovne vede;matematika;botany;botanika;general botany;splošna botanika;fiziologija rastlin;morfologija rastlin;ekologija rastlin;plant physiology;applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;agriculture and related sciences and techniques;forestry;farming;wildlife exploitation;kmetijstvo ter sorodne vede in tehnologije;field crops and their production;poljščine;poljedelstvo;forage grasses;meadow and pasture grasses;krmne trave;trava s pašnikov in travnikov;
ID: 1027412