Vpliv endotelija na tonus arterij - teorija in modeli

diplomsko delo

Nina Opaka (Author), Aleš Fajmut (Mentor), Saška Lipovšek Delakorda (Mentor), Marko Gosak (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V diplomskem delu so podrobneje opisani procesi, ki vodijo do relaksacije gladke mišične celice in izvirajo iz endotelija. Osrednja tema diplomskega dela je opis in študij ključnega vazorelaksanta, ki se proizvaja v endoteliju, to je dušikov oksid (NO). V delu je opisan proces njegove sinteze in njegov vpliv na od kalcija odvisno relaksacijo gladke mišične celice. Najprej je opisan proces krčenja/relaksacije gladke mišične celice in celična signalizacijo ter pomen kalcija v celici. Podrobneje so opisane različne funkcije, na katere vpliva NO. Z matematičnim modelom je opisana sinteza NO iz L-arginina, ki ga katalizira encim endotelijska NO sintaza (eNOS). Pri tem je predstavljeno spreminjanje hitrosti nastajanja NO, nitrita in L-citrulina ter porabe kisika in nikotinamid adenin dinukleotid fosfat-oksidaze (NADPH). Prikazana je tudi odvisnost koncentracije NO od koncentracije O2 v celici. Teoretično je opisano delovanje encima endotelijske NO sintaze in različni vplivi na aktivacijo le-tega. Opisane so različne molekule, ki predstavljajo tarče za NO. Mehanizem aktivacije gvanilat ciklaze je opisan z matematičnim modelom. Predstavljeni so še drugi mehanizmi signalizacije v gladki mišični celici. Z matematično-fizikalnim modelom je opisana dinamika kalcija v gladki mišični in endotelijski celici, pri čemer se osredotočimo na znotrajcelično dinamiko koncentracije kalcija v citosolu tako izolirane gladke mišične celice kakor tudi sklopljenega para gladke mišične celice in endotelijske celice.

Keywords

diplomska dela;dušikov oksid;gladke mišične celice;endotelijske celice;gvanilat ciklaza;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2013
Source:	Maribor
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher:	[N. Opaka]
UDC:	611.018.61(043.2)
COBISS:	19870472
Views:	1869
Downloads:	284
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Impact of endothelium on arterial tone - theory and models
Secondary abstract:	In the thesis we describe processes that lead to smooth muscle cell relaxation and originate from endothelium. The main topic of the thesis is study and description of key vasorelaxant that is produced in endothelium, which is nitric oxide. We discuss the process of its synthesis and its effect on calcium dependent relaxation of smooth muscle cells. First, it describes the process of contraction / relaxation of smooth muscle cells and cell signaling, and the importance of calcium in the cell. Different functions that are affected by NO are described more specifically. We use a mathematical model to describe the synthesis of NO from L-arginine, which is catalyzed by the enzyme endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Enzyme endothelial NO synthase and effects of various substances on its activation are described theoretically. We also present variety of molecules that represent targets for NO. The mechanism of activation of guanylate cyclase is described with a mathematical model. We also describe other signaling mechanisms in smooth muscle cells. We use the third mathematical model to describe the dynamics of calcium in the smooth muscle and endothelial cells, focusing on the dynamics of intracellular calcium concentration in the cytosol of isolated smooth muscle cell as well as coupled pair of smooth muscle cell and endothelial cell.
Secondary keywords:	nitric oxide;smooth muscle cell;endothelial cell;endothelial NO synthase;guanylate cyclase;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Undergraduate thesis
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za fiziko, Oddelek za biologijo
Pages:	VII, 58 f.
Keywords (UDC):	applied sciences;medicine;technology;uporabne znanosti;medicina;tehnika;medical sciences;medicina;anatomy;human and comparative anatomy;anatomija;anatomija človeka in primerjalna anatomija;
ID:	1027494