pregled literature
Azra Škrijelj (Author), Andreja Mihelič Zajec (Reviewer), Jožica Peterka-Novak (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Razvoj zdravstvene nege kot strokovnega področja je dolgotrajen proces. Brez nekaterih medicinskih sester, ki so vplivale na razvoj in kakovost zdravstvene nege v preteklosti, zdravstvena nega na področju psihiatrije ne bi doživela tako hiter napredek in sama oskrba pacientov z duševno motnjo ne bi obsegala individualne obravnave s strani profesionalnih, strokovno usposobljenih ljudi. Leta 1841 je Dorothea Linde Dix sprejela delo v ženskem zaporu, kjer je ugotovila, da je zaradi neprimernih življenjskih pogojev potrebna absolutna reforma. Linda Richards je bila prva izobražena medicinska sestra, ki se je zavedala potrebe po strokovno izobraženem kadru, zato si je prizadevala za ustanavljanje institucij, ki bodo doprinesle k potrebam domov, bolnišnic in prebivalstva. Zavedala se je pomena znanja medicinskih sester, zato je začela z ustanavljanjem zdravstvenih šol in izobraževalnih programov, najprej v Združenih državah Amerike in nato po svetu. Leta 1952 je Hildegard Peplau objavila pomemben teoretični model, objavljen v prispevku Medosebni odnosi. Zdravstveno nego na psihiatričnem področju v 21. stoletju izvaja visoko strokovno in profesionalno izobraženo osebje, kar omogoča kakovostno, celostno zdravstveno oskrbo, ki je prilagojena posamezniku, torej potrebam pacienta. Namen: Predstavitev pomembnih temeljev zdravstvene nege na področju psihiatrije ter predstavitev pomena medicinskih sester, ki so vplivale na razvoj zdravstvene nege na področju psihiatrije ter vključitev teorije medosebnih odnosov. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela, saj smo sistematično pregledali strokovne in znanstvene članke, knjige ter dve doktorski disertaciji. Članki ter poglavja uporabljenih knjig opisujejo temelje razvoja zdravstvene nege na področju psihiatrije in vključujejo pomembne osebe, ki so vplivale na razvoj že omenjene stroke. Skladno z naravo raziskovalnega problema, nismo postavili starostne omejitve literature. Najstarejša uporabljena literatura je iz leta 1987. Pri iskanju literature je bil upoštevan jezikovni kriterij, iskali smo objave v slovenščini in angleščini. Največ uporabljenih strokovnih člankov je iz znanstvenih revij, kot so: Journal of psychiatric mental health nursing, Nursing inquiry, Archives of psychiatric nursing, Perspectives in psychiatric care in nekaj osnovnih podatkov iz Obzornika zdravstvene nege. Iskanje literature je potekalo od februarja 2016 do decembra 2016. Razprava in sklep: Zavedati se moramo pomembnosti zgodovinskega razvoja in temeljev. S preučevanjem starejše literature pridobimo kakovostnejše in bolj strokovno znanje, ki nam omogoči razumevanje in razlago današnjih teorij in praktičnih intervencij, ki morajo biti med seboj usklajene. Poleg tega lahko obravnavo pacientov na podlagi danih ugotovitev vnaprej načrtujemo in s tem izboljšujemo celostno zdravstveno oskrbo oseb z motnjami v duševnem zdravju.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;Dorothea Linde Dix;Linda Richards;Hildegard Peplau;razvoj;znanje;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [A. Škrijelj]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5263979 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1261
Downloads: 479
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Important individuals who influenced development of psychiatric nursing
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Development of nursing as a profession is a long-term process. In a short period few influential people managed to change psychiatric mental – health nursing into skill full profession, which is now performed by professionals with high education and are enabling individualistic approach for patients with mental disorders. In 1841 Dorothea Dix, accepted giving a Bible study in all women prison, where she noticed bad conditions, which had to be changed immediately. Linda Richards was first professionally trained nurse, who understood the importance of education and training of nurses. She wanted establishment that will contribute and satisfy the needs of households, hospitals and population. Because she knew how important it is to have educated medical staff she established nursing schools and programs in the United States of America and later in the world. Psychiatric nursing in 21st century is performed by highly educated medical staff, which enables holistic, quality nursing and is individually modified. In 1952, Hildegard Peplau published nursing theory, Interpersonal relations. Aim: The aim of the diploma thesis is to touch on most important historical events in psychiatry and psychiatric nursing, give a historical overview of the most influential nurses (Dorothea Linde Dix, Hildegard Peplau, Linda Richards) and include one of the most important theories - Interpersonal relations. Method: A descriptive research method is being used, which was based on the literature review of relevant sources such as: articles, books and doctors’dissertations. All research articles and chapters from books describe fundamentals of psychiatric nursing development and include important people that influenced development of psychiatric nursing. Articles were found in different publications such as: Journal of psychiatric mental health nursing, Nursing inquiry, Archives of psychiatric nursing, Perspectives in psychiatric care and some basic information was being found in Obzornik zdravstvene nege. The search was conducted from February 2016 to December 2016 and was limited to the Slovene and English published sources. Due to the nature of research, there is no limitation as to the year of publication of the sources used. The oldest literature is from 1987. Discussion and conclusions: In order to better understand the current psychiatric nursing practice, it is important to be acquainted with it is historical development. It is also necessary to link the theoretical basis and clinical practice in order to deliver quality care to persons afflicted with mental illness, using the holistic and patient-centred nursing approach.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;Dorothea Linde Dix;Linda Richards;Hildegard Peplau;development;knowledge;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Dipl. delo (bolonjski študij), Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 23 str.
ID: 10840830