pregled literature
Karmen Zajc (Author), Mirjam Ravljen (Reviewer), Albina Bobnar (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Sladkorna bolezen je zelo razširjena kronična bolezen, ki povzroči trajne spremembe v telesni kemiji. Ta se posledično kaže v preveliki količini glukoze v krvi. Kronična hiperglikemija povzroča okvare, motnje ali odpoved delovanja organov: oči, ledvic, srca, ožilja in živcev. Bolezen posledično vpliva tudi na stanje tkiv v ustni votlini, še posebej na obzobna tkiva. Posledica je parodontalna bolezen, ki je med šestimi najpogostejšimi zapleti sladkorne bolezni. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je opredeliti možnosti lajšanja parodontoze pri odraslih bolnikih s sladkorno boleznijo. Metode dela: Pri pripravi diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela, pri čemer smo pregledali izbrano slovensko in angleško literaturo. Obdobje pregleda literature je potekalo od januarja 2016 do junija 2016. Literaturo smo iskali preko oddaljenega dostopa Zdravstvene fakultete v Ljubljani, pri čemer smo uporabili tuji podatkovni bazi MEDLINE in CINAHL. Pregledali smo tudi domačo podatkovno bazo COBIB.SI in digitalno knjižnico Slovenije. Uporabili smo 30 enot literature. Razprava in sklep: Pomanjkljivo uravnavanje glikemije pri bolnikih s sladkorno boleznijo je pri njih povezano z večjo dovzetnostjo za ustne bolezni, od zobnih oblog do gingivitisa in parodontoze, ki se kaže z oteklimi, brezbarvnimi dlesnimi, krvavitvami med ščetkanjem, majavimi zobmi, slabim okusom in ustnim zadahom. Domnevno vse našteto povzroči slabšo odpornost na inzulin, zato je izjemno pomembna samooskrba bolnika s sladkorno boleznijo. V okviru preprečevanja parodontoze pri obolelih medicinske sestre v diabetoloških ali referenčnih ambulantah izvajajo vizualni pregled ustne votline in zdravstveno-vzgojno delo s področja ustnega zdravja. Zdravljenje parodontoze se vedno prične s higieno zob, urejenostjo sladkorne bolezni, v najhujših primerih tudi z antibiotičnim zdravljenjem. Pri tem je obvezno multidisciplinarno sodelovanje stomatologa, diabetologa in medicinskih sester. Bolniki s sladkorno boleznijo lahko s primernim življenjskim slogom, prehrano in ustno higieno preprečijo oziroma lajšajo parodontozo, prav tako zdravstveni delavci, in sicer z izobraževanjem s področja ustnega zdravja.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;uravnavanje glikemije;ustno zdravje;multidisciplinarno sodelovanje;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [K. Zajc]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5279339 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1633
Downloads: 783
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Relieving periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Diabetes is a widespread chronic disease among people with permanent changes in body chemistry, resulting in the excessive amount of glucose in the blood. Chronic hyperglycemia causes damage, disruption or failure of organs: eyes, kidneys, heart, veins and nerves. It consequently affects the oral cavity tissues, especially the gingiva, in patients with diabetes. As a result, the diabetic patients get a periodontal disease, which is one of six most common complications of diabetes. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma thesis is to define the possibilities of alleviating periodontal disease in adult patients with diabetes. Methods: A descriptive method was used for this diploma thesis. Selected slovenian and english professional literature was critically reviewed, from which thirty references were used. The literature was searched from January 2016 until June 2016 via remote access of Faculty of Health Sciences in Ljubljana, where two foreign databases were used: MEDLINE and CINAHL as well as Slovenian databases COBIB.SI and Digital Library of Slovenia. Discussion and conclusion: Inadequate management of glycemia in patients with diabetes is associated with increased susceptibility to oral diseases such as dental plaque, gingivitis and periodontitis. The latter usually manifests as swollen gums, gum discoloration, bleeding during brushing, loose teeth, bad taste and breath. Presumably, this leads to lower insulin resistance, therefore the self-care of a diabetic patient is essential. To prevent periodontitis, nurses in diabetes or reference clinics perform visual inspection of oral cavity in diabetic patients and provide education on oral health. The treatment always starts with a dental hygiene, metabolic orderliness and in worst cases with antibiotic therapy. In this case, multidisciplinary cooperation of a dentist, diabetologist and nurses is required. Patients with diabetes can prevent or alleviate periodontitis with a healthy lifestyle, diet and oral hygiene, whereas health care workers can do so with a constant oral health education and practice.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;glycemic control;oral health;multidisciplinary cooperation;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Dipl. delo (bolonjski študij), Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 23 str.
ID: 10845465