Primerni načini varovanja pašnih živali in drugega premoženja pred rjavim medvedom (Ursus arctos L.)

diplomsko delo

Sergeja Adamič (Author), Matej Vidrih (Mentor)

Abstract

V Sloveniji se je razmerje med kmetijskim prostorom in gozdom v preteklosti premaknilo v korist slednjega. Na zemljiščih, kjer ni mogoča nobena druga kmetijska raba ali so te dejavnosti omejene, pride v poštev le nadzorovana paša domačih živali, ki rekultivirajo opuščena zemljišča in preprečujejo zaraščanje. V obdobju petdesetih let se je zaradi opuščanja kmetijske rabe zemljišč močno povečal življenjski prostor velikih zveri. Rjavi medved (Ursus arctos L.) je naša največja velika zver in povzroči tudi največ škode. Škoda se pojavlja v živinoreji, čebelarstvu, vinogradništvu in sadjarstvu. Najbolj učinkovit način varovanja premoženja pred rjavim medvedom je uporaba elektroograj v različnih izvedbah postavitve. Poznamo več vrst elektroograj in za vse je značilno, da se nanje velika zver ne more navaditi, če delujejo pravilno. Začasne elektroograje so preproste za uporabo in so namenjene sezonskemu varovanju. Posebna vrsta začasne elektroograje je elektromreža, ki se jo poljubno prestavlja po pašniku. Stalne večžične elektroograje so lahko na enem mestu tudi več desetletij. So veliko bolj trpežne in masivnejše od začasnih elektroograj. Ljudje so proti odstrelu medvedov, zato so potrebe po drugačnih rešitvah odvračanja medvedov vedno večje. Z odvračalnim krmljenjem (mrhovišča) medvede odvračamo od naselij na bolj neposeljene lokacije. Odvračanje, kot drugo obliko varovanja premoženja, lahko izvajamo tudi z uporabo svetlobnih in zvočnih sredstev ter z nastavljanjem vab. V prihodnosti bo imelo velik pomen ozaveščanje javnosti, kako se pravilno obnaša in varuje človekovo premoženje na območju stalnega in občasnega pojavljanja rjavega medveda.

Keywords

pašniki;paša;rjavi medved;elektroograje;škoda;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2017
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[S. Adamič]
UDC:	633.2.033:631.273:692.88(043.2)
COBISS:	8752505
Views:	874
Downloads:	539
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Appropriate means of protection of grazing animals and other property from the brown bear (Ursus arctos L.)
Secondary abstract:	In Slovenia, the relationship between agricultural and forestal areas shifted in favor of the last. On land, where there can be no other agricultural use or these activities are limited a controlled grazing of grazing animals should be considered, which can recultivate the abandoned land and prevent overgrowth. Recently, due to the abandonment of agricultural land, large carnivores got more living space. The brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) is our largest carnivore and also causes the most damage. Damage occurs in livestock, beekeeping, fruit and viticulture. Electric fences are the most effective way of protection against brown bears. There are several ways of installing electric fences and also different types. Temporary electric fences are easy to use and are intended for seasonal protection. A special type of temporary electric fence is called an electric net, which can be freely displaced in the pasture. Continuous multi-wire fences can be in the same place for several decades. They are much more durable and more massive than temporary electric fences. People are against killing the bears, that's why other solutions are increasing in popularity. The dissuasive feeding (feeding stations) as an alternative to previous method discourages bears from approaching settlements and lures them into more uninhabited locations. Distraction can also be performed by using light and sound resources as well as the adjustment of baits. It is important to raise public awareness of how to act and protect properties in areas of bears occasional and permanent presence.
Secondary keywords:	pastures;controlled grazing;brown bear;electric fences;damage;
Type (COBISS):	Diploma project paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages:	VIII, 21 str.
ID:	10847628