Porozni organogeli: sinteza in absorpcija

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Stanko Kramer (Author), Sebastijan Kovačič (Mentor)

Abstract

Geli so v kapljevino namočena mreža polimernih molekul, t.i. gelska mreža, katere agregatno stanje lahko uvrstimo med trdno in kapljevinasto, kar pomeni, da so poltrdi sistem. Glede na topilo jih delimo na organogele (absorbirajo nepolarna (organska) topila) in hidrogele (absorbirajo vodo). Organogeli predstavljajo obetajoče absorpcijske materiale za čiščenje oljnih razlitij, saj imajo visoko specifično površino pod pogoji nabrekanja in so sposobni vpiti večje količine apolarnih tekočin. V diplomskem delu smo pripravili organogele na osnovi norbornena in njegovih derivatov. Z uporabo emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze smo pripravili visoko porozne t.i. poliHIPE organogele. S polimerizacijo v raztopini smo pripravili neporozne t.i. bulk organogele. Sintezo smo izvedli z uporabo metatezne polimerizacije z odpiranjem obroča (ang. Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerisation, ROMP). Nastale organogele iz diciklopentadiena (DCPD), 2-norbornena (NOR) in ciklooktadiena (COD) smo ustrezno karakterizirali, nato smo izvedli test absorpcije organskih topil in dveh različnih naftnih derivatov. Preučili smo kako na absorpcijo vplivajo struktura organogela (porozen oz. neporozen) in stopnja zamreženja polimernega ogrodja. Porozno morfologijo skeleta smo preučili z elektronsko vrstično mikroskopijo (SEM), medtem ko smo test absorpcije izvedli gravimetrično. S SEM analizo smo dokazali, da so dobljeni organogeli imeli poliHIPE strukturo. Z absorpcijo smo dokazali, da je količina absorbiranih topil pri poliHIPE organogelih večja od bulk organogelov in v nekaterih primerih monoliti absorbirajo več kot 9-kratnik svoje suhe mase. V primeru absorpcije naftnih derivatov so organogeli bili sposobni absorbirati 7-kratnik svoje suhe mase, medtem ko ponovna uporaba organogelov ni bila tako uspešna, saj je bila največja količina absorbiranega naftnega derivata le nekoliko večja kot masa samega monolita.

Keywords

metatezna polimerizacija z odprtjem obroča;poliHIPE;absorpcija;diciklopentadien;norbornen;ciklooktadien;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2017
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[S. Kramer]
UDC:	66.095.26(043.2)
COBISS:	21034262
Views:	1052
Downloads:	133
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Porous organogels: synthesis and apsorption
Secondary abstract:	Gels are semi-solid systems that can have properties ranging from soft (weak) to hard (tough). Based on the solvent, we classify them as organogels (which absorb non-polar/organic solvents) and hydrogels (which absorb water). Organogels are among the most promising absorption materials for oil spill clean up as they have a high specific surface area and are able to absorb large amounts of non-polar fluids. In the thesis, we focused on the preparation of norbornene-based organogels. Through the usage of High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPEs) we prepared so-called polyHIPE organogels. With the solution polymerisation, we prepared non-porous so-called bulk organogels. Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerisation (ROMP) was used to synthesise organogels based on dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), 2-norbornene (NOR) and cyclooctadiene (COD). All organogels were characterised and tested for absorption capacities. The effects of the morphological features and cross-linking on absorption were studied. The porous morphology was studied using SEM (Scanning Electrone Microscopy), while the absorption was tested gravimetrically. The SEM analysis revealed that the organogels have a highly porous morphology, which is typical for polyHIPEs. The absorption studies confirmed higher uptakes of the polyHIPE organogels. In some cases, the organogels absorbed more than nine-times their dried weight. In the case of oil derivatives, absorptions of more than seven-times their dried weight were achieved.
Secondary keywords:	ring opening metathesis polymerisation;ROMP;polyHIPE;absorption;dicyclopentadiene;2-norbornene;cyclooctadiene;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	IX, 35 str.
ID:	10858959