diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Janez Smerkolj (Author), Darja Pečar (Mentor), Andreja Goršek (Co-mentor), Franc Pohleven (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Mešanica piščančjega gnoja in žagovine je odpadek, ki nastane pri vzreji piščancev. Uporablja se kot substrat pri proizvodnji bioplina. Kompleksna lignocelulozna zgradba lesa vsebuje lignin, ki mikroorganizmom omejuje dostop do celuloze in hemiceluloze, kar se kaže z nižjo presnovo substrata pri anaerobni digestiji. V diplomski nalogi smo piščančji gnoj in žagovino predobdelali z glivami bele trohnobe, ki smo jih predhodno pustili preraščati na ječmenovi slami. Med preraščanjem gob Trametes versicolor in Pleurotus ostreatus so se v slamo izločili ektoencimi, kot so lakaza in peroksidaza. Ti encimi razgradijo kompleksno strukturo lignina in tako omogočijo mikroorganizmom dostop do celuloze. Anaerobno digestijo smo izvedli pri različnih razmerjih mešanic piščančjega gnoja z žagovino in ječmenove slame preraščene z gobami. Za kontrolo smo uporabili ječmenovo slamo, ki ni bila preraščena z glivo. Posamezen poskus smo izvajali v paru. Fermentorje smo 21 dni vzdrževali pri konstantni temperaturi, ϑ = 42 °C. Prostornino plina, ki je nastal med fermentacijo, smo merili z metodo izpodrinjene tekočine. Koncentracijo nastalega bioplina smo določali z analizo na plinskem kromatografu. Rezultati so pokazali, da se največ bioplina proizvede pri mešanici, ki je vsebovala 50 % specifično predobdelane slame. Nepreraščena slama je pri anaerobni digestiji v vseh razmerjih s piščančjim gnojem proizvedla največ bioplina v primerjavi s slamo preraščeno z gobami. Pet dnevna inkubacija mešanice piščančjega gnoja z žagovino in specifične preraščene slame oziroma navadne slame, se je izkazala za časovno najproduktivnejšo. Ugotovili smo, da vrsta mešanice piščančjega gnoja z žagovino in raznih tipov predobdelane slame, nima očitnega vpliva na koncentracijo metana in ogljikovega dioksida.

Keywords

anaerobna digestija;bioplin;lignin;piščančji gnoj;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher: [J. Smerkolj]
UDC: 628.336.6:665.947.4(043.2)
COBISS: 21053206 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1078
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Anaerobic digestion of substrate pretreated with fungal biomass
Secondary abstract: The mixture of chicken manure and sawdust is a waste that is generated during chickens rearing. This mixture is used as a substrate for biogas production. Complex lignocellulosic structure of wood contains lignin, which limits the access of microorganisms to cellulose and hemicellulose, thus resulting in lower conversion of the substrate during anaerobic digestion. In this thesis chicken manure and sawdust were pretreated with wood decay fungi, which were grown beforehand on barley straw. While mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor were growing, enyzmes like laccase and peroxidase enriched the barley straw. These enzymes degrade the complex structure of lignin and consequently enable microorganisms to access the cellulose. Anaerobic digestion was performed at different chicken manure and sawdust to barley straw overgrown with fungi ratios. Ordinary barley straw was used for the control instead of barley straw with fungi. The batch fermentation processes were conducted in duplicate. The fermentors were incubated at constant temperature of 42 °C for 21 days. The amount of generated biogas was measured with water displacement technique. The concentration of produced biogas was determined using GC analysis. Results showed that the highest volume of biogas was generated with mixture that contained 50 % specifically pretreated straw. Ordinary straw produced the highest volume of biogas in all rations with chicken manure in anaerobic digestion compared to straw overgrown with fungi. The 5-day incubation of the mixture of chicken manure and straw overgrown with fungi proved to be the most productive time. We concluded that the ratio of chicken manure and sawdust to substrate, as well as the type of straw, has no significant impact on the concentration of methane or carbon dioxide.
Secondary keywords: anaerobic digestion;biogas;lignin;chicken manure;Pleurotus ostreatus;Trametes versicolor;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages: IX, 33 str.
ID: 10860724