magistrsko delo
Jerneja Horvat (Author), Janja Hojnik (Mentor)

Abstract

Internet stvari je tehnologija, ki individualnim inteligentnim objektom omogoča, da se med seboj povezujejo, si izmenjujejo podatke in sprejemajo odločitve. Internet stvari pomembno posega na več pravnih področij, zaradi česar se pojavlja več vprašanj, zlasti v zvezi s pravico do zasebnosti ter z njo povezanega varstva podatkov in soglasja za zbiranje in obdelavo osebnih podatkov, diskriminacijo, konkurenčnim pravom, nazadnje pa odpira tudi pomembna vprašanja na področju pogodbenega in odškodninskega prava. Zaradi kompleksnosti ekosistema Interneta stvari in posledične večplastnosti povezanih naprav utegne imeti uporabnik, v primeru nastanka škode, velike težave pri dokazovanju njenega izvora. Pravo EU sicer določa objektivno odgovornost za proizvode z napako, vendar zaradi vsestranskosti povezanih naprav pogosto ni mogoče ločiti med proizvodom in storitvijo, za katero pa ta pravila ne veljajo. Nadalje se zaradi avtonomnosti povezanih naprav oblikuje nov tip pravnih poslov, ki jih med sabo sklepajo avtonomne naprave. Pravna negotovost v zvezi s temi pogodbenimi razmerji izvira iz vprašanja, ali in pod kakšnimi pogoji je oseba, v imenu katere je povezana naprava vstopila v pravno razmerje, pravno zavezana. Zaradi tehnologije Interneta stvari prihaja tudi do fenomena Velikega podatkovja, ki pomeni ogromno količino zbranih podatkov, ki se shranjujejo v oblakih na spletu. Zaradi novo pridobljene tržne vrednosti podatkov se je oblikovala potreba po zakonodajni reformi varstva podatkov v EU, ki bi učinkoviteje uredila to področje in zapolnila nastale pravne praznine, zaradi česar je EU sprejela Uredbo (EU) 2016/179 in Direktivo (EU) 2016/680, ki prinašata nekaj pomembnih novosti. Med drugim nova pravila posameznikom zagotavljajo večjo kontrolo nad lastnimi podatki in njihovo obdelavo, podeljujejo jim pravico do pozabe ter pravico do obveščenosti o nepooblaščenem dostopu do podatkov, predvidevajo pa tudi vgrajeno varstvo podatkov ter varstvo podatkov s privzetimi nastavitvami. V luči pospešenega digitalnega razvoja je EU oblikovala tudi Strategijo za enotni digitalni trg, na katerem želi, upoštevaje posebnosti spletnega okolja, zagotoviti enake pogoje in varno poslovanje kot na notranjem trgu in v okviru katerega spodbuja tudi razvoj Interneta stvari.

Keywords

internet;veliko podatkovje;računalništvo v oblaku;varstvo podatkov;zasebnost;soglasje;informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije;varnost;Splošna uredba;magistrska dela;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: J. Horvat]
UDC: 349.2:004.738.5(043.3)
COBISS: 5487659 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1327
Downloads: 151
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Legal aspects of the Internet of things in European Union
Secondary abstract: Internet of things is a technology, which enables individual intelligent objects to connect to each other, exchange data and make decisions. Internet of things has an important effect on several legal fields and raises a number of issues, especially in relation to the right to privacy and data protection, consent for the collection and processing of data, discrimination, competition law and it also affects contractual and tort law. Due to the complexity of the Internet of things ecosystem and the subsequent complexity of connected devices, the user may have trouble proving the source of damage, when an error, which results in damage, occurs. EU law does provide for a strict liability regime for defective products, but the complexity of the connected devices often makes it impossible to differentiate between a product and a service, for which these rules do not apply. Furthermore, the autonomy of the devices results in a new type of contracts that are concluded between autonomous devices. The legal uncertainty in relation to these contractual relationships arises from the question, whether and under which conditions, the person on whose behalf the connected device has entered into a legal relationship, is legally bound. The technology of the Internet of things also caused the development of Big Data phenomena, which represents a massive amount of gathered data that are stored in clouds on the internet. The newly discovered market value of the data formed a need for a legal reform of data protection law in EU, which would be more efficient in regulating this field and would fill the constituted legal vacuums, which is why EU has adopted the Regulation (EU) 2016/179 and the Directive (EU) 2016/680 that introduce a few important innovations. Among other provisions, the new set of rules ensures a higher level of control of individuals over their data, grants the right to be forgotten and the right to know when one’s data has been hacked, and they also stipulate data protection by design and by default. In light of the rapid digital development EU has also drafted a Strategy for the digital single market, which aims to take into account the specifics of the online environment and ensure equal conditions and safe trading as the single market, and in which it also encourages the development of the Internet of things.
Secondary keywords: Internet;Big Data;Cloud Computing;data protection;privacy;information-communication technology;security;General Data Protection Regulation.;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages: 86 str.
ID: 10865265