Problematika radioaktivnih odpadkov - primerjava med Slovenijo in Italijo

diplomsko delo visokošolskega študijskega programa Varnost in policijsko delo

Polonca Vodopivec (Author), Katja Eman (Mentor)

Abstract

V diplomski nalogi so prikazana in utemeljena področja ravnanja z radioaktivnimi odpadki, pri čemer smo se posebej osredotočili na Slovenijo in Italijo. Pri tem nas je zanimalo predvsem skladiščenje radioaktivnih odpadkov in možne nepravilnosti, ki se pri tem pojavljajo. Vpliv nepravilnega skladiščenja je zelo negativen in uničujoč za okolje in v skrajnih primerih celo smrtno nevaren za ljudi. Ugotovitve kažejo, da se pojavlja veliko kršitev zoper upoštevanja zakonov in določb, ki veljajo glede pravilnega in varnega skladiščenja; posledično je zaradi tega veliko ekološke kriminalitete, predvsem v Italiji. Naš cilj je bil ugotoviti razlike in podobnosti med omenjenima državama glede skladiščenja, prevoza in obdelave radioaktivnih odpadkov. Za naštete stvari v Sloveniji skrbijo ARAO (Agencija za upravljanje z radioaktivnimi odpadki) in različne druge agencije, kot je Agencija za varstvo okolja, Ministrstvo za promet in Ministrstvo za zdravje in človeške vire. Pri tem smo ugotovili, da v Italiji nimajo jedrskih elektrarn, saj so bile zaprte zaradi nesreče v Černobilu leta 1986. Za razliko od Italije je v Sloveniji še vedno jedrska elektrarna, in sicer v Krškem. Tam poteka skladiščenje v bazenih, ostale radioaktivne odpadke pa prepeljejo in skladiščijo v Brinju, kjer je jedrski reaktor TRIGA. Ugotovitve kažejo, da ima Italija veliko organiziranega kriminala, kjer prihaja do trgovanja in, zaradi neprimernega skladiščenja, do velike onesnaženosti okolja. V Sloveniji organiziranega kriminala v smislu trgovanja z radioaktivnimi odpadki ni, pojavljajo se sicer divja odlagališča, predvsem v osrednji Sloveniji, vendar se njihovo število z leti manjša. Nepravilno skladiščenje, prevoz in obdelava odpadkov puščajo posledice v naravi, pri ljudeh in ostalih živih organizmih, ki so lahko zelo negativne, saj radioaktivnost ostane v naravi veliko let. Ljudje lahko zbolijo za rakom in drugimi boleznimi, povezanimi z izpostavljenostjo radioaktivnemu sevanju.

Keywords

radioaktivnost;radioaktivni odpadki;ravnanje z radioaktivnimi odpadki;skladiščenje;ekološka kriminaliteta;organizirana kriminaliteta;primerjave;Slovenija;Italija;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2017
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice
Publisher:	[P. Vodopivec]
UDC:	[343.3/.7:504]:621.039.7(043.2)
COBISS:	3450346
Views:	1016
Downloads:	144
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	In our thesis, we showed and founded different areas of how two countries, Slovenia and Italy, are dealing with radioactive waste. We were especially interested in the process of storing the radioactive waste and what are possible irregularities. The influence of the irregular storing is a very negative and destructive to the environment and in some cases, it can also be deadly dangerous for people. Findings are showing that we can find a lot of violations against lows and regulations, that are describing the right and safe way how to store, because of that, there is, especially in Italy, a lot of ecological criminality. Our objective was to find out the differences and similarities about storing, transportation and processing of radioactive waste between mentioned countries. In Slovenia, the ARAO (Agency for radioactive waste management) and other agencies, such as Slovenian Environmental Protection Agency, Ministry of Transport and Ministry of Health and Human Resources are taking care for mentioned tasks. We came to conclusions that in Italy they don't have nuclear power plants, they were closed because of the Chernobyl's accident in 1986. In Slovenia, in the city called Krško, there is still one operating nuclear pover plant. The radioactive waste is stored in pools, other radioactive waste is transferred and stored in Brinj, where is nuclear reactor TRIGA. The findings are showing that there is a lot of organized crimes in Italy, where there is a lot of trading and because of inappropriate storing, there is a big environmental pollution. In Slovenia, there is no organized crime in a way that we can find it in Italy, but we can find wildly garbage dump, especially in central Slovenia, however they are decreasing with years. Irregular storing, transportation and processing of waste are causing consequences in nature, to people and other living organisms. Radioactivity can be very negative because it stays in nature for a lot of years, people can get seriously ill, they can get cancer and other illnesses, that are caused by radioactive radiation.
Secondary keywords:	radioactivity;radioactive waste (RAO);processing of RAO waste;organized crime;consequences of RAO radiation.;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za varnostne vede
Pages:	VI, 47 str.
ID:	10874995