magistrsko delo
Dane Lojen (Author), Bojana Vončina (Mentor), Julija Volmajer Valh (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Kemijsko recikliranje polimerov lahko prispeva k zmanjšanju količine odpadnih polimerov in porabe primarnih surovin ter energije, vendar je za uspešno kemijsko recikliranje mešanic polimerov pomembna predhodna ločitev komponent. Preučevali smo ločitev elastana (EL) in polikrilonitrila (PAN) od poliamidov in polietilentereftalata (PET) v tekstilnih mešanicah z raztapljanjem v N,N-dimetilformamidu (DMF) in obarjanjem. Izvedli smo tudi kemijsko razgradnjo PA 6 in PA 6.6 z nevtralno hidrolizo. Vzorce smo analizirali z gravimetrično analizo, FTIR in Raman spektroskopijo. Ugotovili smo, da je bila ločitev PAN oziroma EL iz mešanic PA 6 / PA 6.6 / PET uspešna pri temperaturi 70 °C. Njuno obarjanje iz raztopin v DMF je bilo večinoma uspešno pri realnih vzorcih, neuspešno pa pri pripravljenih vzorcih. Sklepamo, da je bila uspešnost obarjanja PAN in EL odvisna od dodatkov v mešanicah polimerov, ki smo jih ločevali z raztapljanjem, in lahko otežujejo obarjanje ter aglomeracijo delcev v raztopini. Pri temperaturi vrelišča DMF ločitev EL od PA 6 ni bila uspešna. Nevtralna hidroliza PA 6 pri temperaturi 250 °C, avtogenem tlaku in reakcijskem času 1 h je bila le delno uspešna, saj se je v vodotopne produkte razgradilo le 49 % mase vhodnega PA 6. Nevtralna hidroliza PA 6.6 je bila pri zelo podobnih pogojih neuspešna, saj se je razgradilo v vodotopne produkte le 22 % vhodnega PA 6.6. Za povečanje izkoristka nevtralne hidrolize PA 6 in PA 6.6 bi bilo potrebno spremeniti reakcijske pogoje.

Keywords

ločitev z raztapljanjem;kemijsko recikliranje;nevtralna hidroliza;poliamid 6;poliamid 6.6;polietilentereftalat;elastan;poliakrilonitril;magistrske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Publisher: [D. Lojen]
UDC: 66.094.941:677.494.6/.7(043.2)
COBISS: 21257238 Link will open in a new window
Views: 924
Downloads: 118
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Separation of elastane and polyacrylonitrile from polyamides and polyethylene terephthalate textile blends for further chemical recycling
Secondary abstract: Chemical recycling of the polymers can significantly reduce the volume of waste polymers and the consumption/use of raw material (crude oil) and energy, but preliminary separation of materials is often required for successful chemical recycling of textile blends. Research was performed on the separation of the elastane (EL) and the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) from their textile blends with polyamides (PA) and the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using the dissolution in the N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) followed by the precipitation. In further research, chemical recycling of PA 6 and PA 6.6 was carried out by means of neutral hydrolysis. Samples were analysed with the gravimetric analysis, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. It was found out that the separation of PAN and EL from their respective PA 6 / PA 6.6 / PET textile blends can be successfully executed at the temperature of 70 °C. Precipitation of PET and PAN from their solutions in the DMF was mainly successful with real samples, but this was not the case with artificial samples. It was concluded that the precipitation process of PAN and EL was influenced by the presence of some additives in the previously dissolved polymer blends, which were obstructing precipitations and particles agglomeration processes. At the boiling point of DMF, the separations of EL from its blends with PA 6 was not successful. Neutral hydrolysis of PA 6 performed at the temperature of 250 °C, under autogenous pressure with the reaction time of 60 minutes proved only partially successful due to the fact that only 49 % of the PA 6 decomposed to water-soluble products. Neutral hydrolysis of PA 6.6 was performed under very similar conditions, but it was not successful because the conversion rate of PA 6.6 into water-soluble product was only 22 %. A change in reaction conditions would be essential to increase the conversion rate of neutral hydrolysis of PA 6 and PA 6.6.
Secondary keywords: separation with the dissolution;chemical recycling;neutral hydrolysis;polyamide 6;polyamide 6.6;polyethylene terephthalate;elastane;polyacrylonitrile;
URN: URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za strojništvo, Tehniško varstvo okolja
Pages: XIII, 78 f.
ID: 10877878