Laktozna intoleranca in dieta

diplomsko delo

Anja Odlazek (Author), Matjaž Homan (Reviewer), Gordana Glavan (Mentor)

Abstract

Namen tega diplomskega dela je splošen pregled metabolizma triptofana in vpliv njegovih metabolitov na funkcije človeškega telesa. L-triptofan je ena od osmih esencialnih aminokislin, ki je človeško telo samo ne more sintetizirati, zato je edini vir preskrba z ustrezno prehrano. Poleg ustreznega dnevnega vnosa triptofana je potrebno upoštevati tudi številne faktorje, ki vplivajo na povečevanje ali zmanjševanje prostega triptofana, ki je na voljo za prehod krvno-možganske pregrade. Na področju EU je omogočena tudi prodaja triptofana kot prehranskega dopolnila, ki je sicer popolnoma varen, vendar lahko dnevne količine vnesenega triptofana pri nekaterih posameznikih nekajkrat presegajo priporočen dnevni vnos in vodijo do t. i. serotoninskega sindroma. Triptofan se kot aminokislina v zelo majhnem obsegu vključuje v telesu lastne beljakovine, hkrati pa je prekurzor mnogih bioaktivnih molekul v našem telesu. V encimsko kataliziranih reakcijah se pretvarja v serotonin, melatonin in različne metabolite kinureninske poti. Molekule, ki se tvorijo v metabolizmu triptofana, imajo hormonsko in imunomodulatorno funkcijo, zato ima triptofan pomemben vpliv na delovanje različnih organov, psihološka stanja in vnetne procese v organizmu. Zelo velik napredek v razumevanju metabolizma so raziskovalci dosegli predvsem z raziskovanjem osi možgani-črevesje-mikrobiota, ki direktno in indirektno vpliva na funkcije centralnega živčnega sistema.

Keywords

laktoza;laktaza;laktozna intoleranca;dieta;dietna prehrana;mleko;mlečni izdelki;kalcij;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2017
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[A. Odlazek]
UDC:	637.1/.3:613.287:616.34
COBISS:	4836728
Views:	1155
Downloads:	389
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Lactose intolerance and diet
Secondary abstract:	Aim of the thesis is to give an overview of tryptophan metabolism and present the impact of tryptophan’s metabolites on the functions of the human body. L-tryptophan is one of the eight essential amino acids that cannot be synthesised within the human body and its only source is appropriate diet. Beside the adequate daily intake of tryptophan, many other factors affecting the increase or decrease of free tryptophan that crosses the blood-brain barrier have to be taken into account. In the EU, tryptophan can be sold as a dietary supplement that is completely safe to use. However, if the daily intake exceeds the recommended levels, some individuals may develop the so called serotonin syndrome. To a small extent, the amino acid tryptophane is incorporated into proteins of the human body and is a precursor of numerous bioactive molecules. It also transforms into serotonin, melatonin and metabolites of the kynurenine pathway during enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The molecules that develop inside tryptophan metabolism have a hormonal and immunomodulatory function. This is why tryptophane has an important impact on the functioning of different organs, various psychological conditions and inflammation processes of the organism. Researchers have made a significant step forward in understanding metabolism, mainly through research on the brain gut microbiota axis that has a direct and indirect impact on the functions of the central nervous system.
Secondary keywords:	lactose;lactase;lactose intolerance;diet;diet nutrition;milk;dairy products;calcium;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za živilstvo
Pages:	VI, 20 f.
ID:	10910315