Izboljšanje akustične klime prostorov v vzgojno varstvenih ustanovah z upoštevanjem psihofizičnega odziva uporabnikov

magistrsko delo

Nika Šubic (Author), Roman Kunič (Mentor), Janko Logar (Thesis defence commission member), Mateja Dovjak (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Magistrsko delo obravnava problematiko akustične ureditve prostorov vzgojno varstvenih ustanov. Odmevni časi so v le-teh pogosto predolgi, kar ne omogoča optimalnega izvajanja pedagoške aktivnosti, visoka raven hrupa pa tudi negativno vpliva na zdravje zaposlenih in otrok. Reševanja problema smo se lotili z inovativnim razvojem prototipnih zvočno absorpcijskih elementov, prilagojenih za uporabo v vzgojno varstvenih ustanovah. Takšni elementi morajo izpolnjevati zakonske zahteve za gradbene proizvode, poleg tega pa morajo biti primerni tudi iz zdravstveno-higienskega, ekonomskega in kreativnega vidika. Metode dela obsegajo izračune, laboratorijske meritve absorpcijskega koeficienta, in-situ meritve odmevnega časa in ekvivalentne ravni zvočnega tlaka ter osebno komunikacijo z uporabniki prostora v pogledu njihovega psihofizičnega odziva na obstoječe in na stanje po prenovi. Izdelanih je bilo pet prototipnih tipov absorpcijskih elementov, ki so se razlikovali glede na sestavo in postavitev v prostoru. Za namen izračuna potrebne količine zvočno absorpcijske površine v prostoru smo izdelali računski program ROC. In-situ meritve so bile izvedene pred in po akustični ureditvi igralnice in so pokazale izrazito izboljšanje po vnosu absorpcijskih elementov. Odmevni čas se je skrajšal za 44% iz 0,92 s na samo 0,52 s (v srednjem frekvenčnem območju), ekvivalentna raven zvočnega tlaka pa za 2,5 dB. Kot ocena ustreznosti je služilo tudi subjektivno mnenje uporabnikov prostora, pridobljeno preko vprašalnika in pogovorov z zaposlenimi, ki so bili nad izvedeno akustično ureditvijo zadovoljni, celo navdušeni: akustična klima se izrazito izboljša, prostor je tišji, akustični elementi pa nemoteči v prostoru. V zaključku smo podali kriterije (gradbeno-tehnične, zdravstveno-higienske, ekonomske in kreativne) s katerimi se v procesu odločanja izbere končni akustični element.

Keywords

gradbeništvo;magistrska dela;hrup;prostorska akustika;odmevni čas;absorber zvoka;vzgojno varstvene ustanove;psihofizični vpliv;akustične meritve;impedančna cev;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2017
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UL FGG - Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering
Publisher:	[N. Šubic]
UDC:	699.844:727(497.4)(043.3)
COBISS:	8207201
Views:	1150
Downloads:	512
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Improvement of room acoustics in day care facilities while considering psychophysical response of users
Secondary abstract:	The master thesis researches the unsatisfactory acoustic environment of day care facilities which often have too long reverberation times. Consequently, the learning process cannot be executed in the most optimum way, while the high noise levels also negatively affect the health of staff and children. We approached the problem by developing prototypical sound absorbers customized for implementation in day care facilities. Such elements have to meet the statutory requirements for construction products as well as be appropriate in regards to health, economics and creativity. Working methods include calculations, laboratory measurements of absorption coefficient, in-situ measurements of reverberation time and equivalent sound pressure level and personal communication with the staff. Five types of prototypical absorbers were made, varying by their design and position in the room and a computer program was created for calculating the needed absorptive surface. Insitu measurements performed before and after acoustical refurbishment of a playroom showed a notable improvement of acoustical properties of the room after the renovation. Mid-frequency reverberation time was reduced for almost 44% from 0,92 s to 0,52 s, while equivalent sound pressure level dropped for approximately 2,5 dB. Effectiveness of the acoustical refurbishment was also measured by the staff%s subjective opinion, which was obtained in the form of personal communication and a questionnaire. The staff was delighted with the improvements, they believe the space to be much quieter and the sound absorbers unobtrusive. The criteria relevant for deciding on a most appropriate acoustical element for the specific environment is presented in the conclusion.
Secondary keywords:	civil engineering;master thesis;noise;room acoustics;reverberation time;sound absorber;day care facilities;psychophysical response;acoustical measurements;impedance tube;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za gradbeništvo in geodezijo
Pages:	XIII, 91 str., 3 pril.
ID:	10910808