(magistrsko diplomsko delo)
Matija Zupančič (Author), Vasilka Sancin (Mentor)

Abstract

Ob odsotnosti splošne kodifikacije pravil mednarodnega investicijskega prava se je slednje v celovit sistem razvilo predvsem ob pomoči klavzul največjih ugodnosti, ki jih vsebujejo praktično vse mednarodne investicijske pogodbe. Tovrstne klavzule države zavezujejo, da državi sopogodbenici zagotovijo vsaj tako ugodno obravnavanje in enake pravice, kot jih priznavajo katerikoli drugi državi na svetu. Druga ključna značilnost mednarodnega investicijskega prava je možnost investitorjev, da zoper državo gostiteljico začnejo postopek mednarodne arbitraže in tako zavarujejo svoje pravice tudi na mednarodnem parketu, poprej rezerviranem le za države. Skladno z načelom suverenosti je tudi za začetek mednarodne investicijske arbitraže nujen pogoj soglasje tožene države. Ob velikem razmahu postopkov mednarodne investicijske arbitraže so se investitorji pogosto sklicevali na klavzule največjih ugodnosti, da bi z njihovo pomočjo v razmerje med toženo državo in njimi uvozili ugodnejše določbe iz mednarodnih pogodb, ki jih je tožena država sklenila s tretjimi državami. Investitorji so sprva uvažali predvsem materialnopravne določbe, ki se tičejo njihovih pravic, v naslednjem koraku pa so poskušali s pomočjo klavzul največjih ugodnosti uvoziti ugodnejše arbitražne klavzule, v katerih je izraženo soglasje držav k arbitraži. Na ta način so želeli investitorji priti do ugodnejših pogojev za sprožitev arbitraže in povzročili »trk« med institutoma soglasja države in klavzulo največjih ugodnosti, ki ga mednarodni arbitražni tribunali še vedno niso uspeli razrešiti. Predmetno delo raziskuje odnos med klavzulami največjih ugodnosti ter soglasjem držav k arbitraži in ugotavlja, da je treba klavzule največjih ugodnosti ter soglasje držav razlagati enako kot ostale določbe v mednarodnih pogodbah. Dovolj široka klavzula največjih ugodnosti lahko skladno z obstoječimi pravili mednarodnega prava vpliva na obseg soglasja države k arbitraži in celo pomeni podlago za pristojnost arbitražnega tribunala. Magistrsko delo najprej obširno analizira oba instituta, teoretičnemu delu pa sledi natančen pregled obstoječe prakse arbitražnih tribunalov glede vpliva klavzul največjih ugodnosti na določbe o mirnem reševanju sporov. V zaključni analizi predmetno delo izpostavlja že izoblikovana pravila in predlaga rešitve, ki bi lahko poenotile trenutno zelo razcepljeno prakso arbitražnih tribunalov

Keywords

mednarodno investicijsko pravo;mednarodni investicijski sporazumi;mednarodne investicijske pogodbe;klavzula največjih ugodnosti;soglasje države;mednarodna investicijska arbitraža;reševanje sporov;mirno reševanje sporov;mednarodni arbitražni tribunali;praksa;poenotenje;magistrske diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: [M. Zupančič]
UDC: 341.6:330.322(043.2)
COBISS: 15907665 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1405
Downloads: 637
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂimpact of the most-favoured nation clauses in international investment law on the classic concept of the state's consent in international law
Secondary abstract: In the absence of general codification international investment law, the latter developed into a comprehensive system primarily with the assistance of the most-favoured clauses included in virtually every international investment treaty. Such clauses oblige the state to provide the contracting state with at least such favourable treatment and the same rights as are accorded to any other country in the world. Another key feature of international investment law is the ability of investors to initiate the arbitration proceedings against the host country, thus protecting their rights also in the international environment, previously reserved solely for states. In accordance with principle of sovereignty international investment arbitration cannot start without consent of the respondent state. In the wake of the extensive expansion of international investment arbitrage procedures investors often referred to the most-favoured nation clauses to import more favourable provisions from international treaties that the respondent state concluded with third states. Initially, investors primarily imported substantive provisions concerning their rights and in the next step, they tried to import more favourable arbitration clauses, in which the consent of the states to arbitrate was expressed. In this way, investors wanted to get more favourable conditions for initiating arbitration and caused “collision” between the consent of a state to arbitrate and most-favoured nation clause, which is still not successfully resolved by international arbitration tribunals. This master thesis discusses the relationship between the most-favoured nation clauses and consent of a state to arbitrate and notes that the most-favoured nation clauses and the consent of a state to arbitrate must be interpreted in the same way as other provisions in international treaties. The sufficiently broad most-favoured nation clause may, in accordance with existing rules of international law, affect the scope of the state’s consent to arbitrate and even constitute the basis for the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal. First part analyses both concepts, and the theoretical part is followed by a overview of the existing practice of arbitration tribunals regarding the impact of the most-favoured clauses on the provisions on peaceful settlement of the disputes. In the final analysis the thesis highlights rules already drawn up and proposes solutions that could unify the currently deeply divided practice of arbitration tribunals.
Secondary keywords: international investment arbitration;most-favoured nation clause;consent of a state to arbitrate;international investment law;international investment treaty;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pravna fak.
Pages: 65 f.
ID: 10914964