Onkološko genetsko svetovanje in testiranje

odnos, poznavanje in praksa zdravnikov na primarni ravni

Tina Škerl (Author), Anja Meden (Author), Mateja Krajc (Author), Vaneja Velenik (Author)

Abstract

Ocenjuje se, da je 5 do 10 % rakov dednih. Za osebe, ki imajo visoko verjetnost za dednega raka, je indicirano onkološko genetsko svetovanje. Poročila Ambulante za onkološko genetsko svetovanje Onkološkega inštituta Ljubljana kažejo, da slovenski zdravniki, predvsem na področju dednega raka debelega črevesa in danke, bolnike premalo napotujejo na onkološko genetsko svetovanje ter gensko testiranje. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, koliko splošni zdravniki in specialisti družinske medicine v Sloveniji vedo o družinskih ter dedno pogojenih oblikah raka in zakaj na svetovanje ter testiranje ne napotujejo svojih pacientov. V okviru presečne raziskave smo slovenskim splošnim zdravnikom in specialistom družinske medicine poslali povezavo do anonimnega spletnega vprašalnika. Pri tem odgovori kažejo, da 49 % vprašanih v zadnjem letu na svetovanje in testiranje ni napotilo nobenega bolnika, 22 % zdravnikov pa ni dovolj seznanjenih z indikacijami za napotitev na svetovanje in testiranje. Nadalje 41 % zdravnikov nima dovolj časa za preverjanje družinske anamneze v smislu raka. Na 18 zastavljenih vprašanj o dednih rakih so povprečno pravilno odgovorili na 8,5 ± 3,2 oziroma 47-odstotno. Na vprašanja o dednem raku dojk so ženske zbrale 11 % več pravilnih odgovorov kot moški. Zdravniki, ki so napotili vsaj enega bolnika, so pravilno rešili povprečno 4 % več vprašanj kot tisti, ki niso napotili nobenega bolnika. Splošni zdravniki v Sloveniji premalo napotujejo bolnike in njihove svojce na onkološko genetsko svetovanje ter testiranje, ker niso dovolj seznanjeni z indikacijami za napotitev in ker nimajo dovolj časa za preverjanje družinske anamneze v smislu raka pri svojih bolnikih med rednim delom.

Keywords

genetsko svetovanje;onkologija;testiranje;indikacije;zdravniki;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:	OI - Institute of Oncology
UDC:	616-006
COBISS:	2300027
ISSN:	1408-1741
Parent publication:	Onkologija
Views:	2697
Downloads:	695
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Genetic Counseling and Testing in Oncology : Attitude, Understanding and Practice of Primary Care Physicians
Secondary abstract:	It is estimated that 5–10% of cancer types are hereditary. Cancer genetic counseling is indicated for people with high risk of hereditary cancer. A report by the Clinic for Oncological Genetic Counseling of the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana shows that Slovenian doctors do not refer patients to cancer genetic counseling and testing frequently enough, especially when it comes to hereditary colorectal cancer. The purpose of the study was to determine how much general practitioners in Slovenia know about hereditary types of cancer and why they do not refer their patients to counseling and testing. As part of our cross-sectional study, we sent a link to an anonymous questionnaire to Slovenian general practitioners. The responses show that 49% of the respondents did not refer a single patient to counseling and testing in the past year, while 22% of the respondents are not familiar enough with the indications for sending a patient to counseling and testing. 41% of the respondents do not have enough time for checking family history for cancer. On average, the doctors responded to 8.5 ± 3.2 (out of 18) questions i.e. 47% about hereditary types of cancer correctly. When it came to hereditary breast cancer, women answered correctly to 11% more questions than men. Doctors who referred at least one patient to counseling in the past year correctly answered 4% more questions on average than doctors who referred no patients. General practitioners in Slovenia do not refer patients and their relatives to cancer genetic counseling and testing frequently enough, because they are not sufficiently familiar with indications for such referral and because they do not have the time to check the family history for cancer as part of their regular work.
URN:	URN:NBN:SI
Pages:	str. 22-26, 52
Volume:	ǂLetn. ǂ20
Issue:	ǂšt. ǂ1
Chronology:	jun. 2016
ID:	10916898