pregled literature
Anita Peterka (Author), Andreja Kvas (Reviewer), Martina Bizjak (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Zaprtje ali obstipacija spada med motnje v odvajanju. Zanjo sta značilna poredko odvajanje trdega blata in neugodje; to je lahko povezano z bolečino v trebuhu in s pomanjkanjem teka. Zdravimo ga na farmakološki in nefarmakološki način. Zdravstvena vzgoja je ključni dejavnik pri preprečevanju in zdravljenju zaprtja pri otroku. Uspešnost zdravstvene vzgoje je odvisna predvsem od dobrega sodelovanja med medicinsko sestro ter starši in otroki. Medicinske sestre imajo v multidisciplinarnem timu pomembno vlogo v zdravstvenovzgojnem procesu, saj so prisotne skozi celotno zdravstveno obravnavo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti zaprtje pri otrocih, opredeliti različne metode zdravljenja in njihovo uspešnost ter poudariti zdravstvenovzgojno delo medicinske sestre. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila opisna metoda s pregledom literature. Literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo podatkovnih baz: CINAHL, Science Direct, Medline ter vzajemne bibliografske-kataložne baze podatkov COBIB.SI. Iskanje je potekalo med februarjem in julijem 2017. Rezultati: Zaprtje predstavlja zdravstveni problem za otroka in tudi starše. Čeprav je zelo pomembno izboljšati način življenja, brez uporabe odvajal zdravljenje zaprtja velikokrat ni učinkovito. Ključno vlogo pri tem ima medicinska sestra, ki deluje zdravstvenovzgojno, saj otroke z zaprtjem sprejme, spremlja skozi celotno zdravstveno obravnavo in jih uči različnih ukrepov pri odpravljanju motnje v odvajanju. Starši imajo v zdravstveni obravnavi temeljno vlogo pri podpori otrok z zaprtjem. Razprava in zaključek: Učenje otrok in staršev o ukrepih pri zaprtju je zelo pomembno, saj s tem otrok izboljša peristaltiko črevesja in s tem prepreči ponovno zaprtje. Še naprej je potrebno poudarjati pomen ustrezne prehrane in pitje tekočin, gibanja, pravilnega odvajanja, telesne dejavnosti in pravilnega jemanje odmerkov odvajal. Za boljšo preventivo bi bilo potrebno napisati navodila za preprečevanje zaprtja pri otrocih, uvedba vsebin o normalnem odvajanju pri otrocih že v vrtcu, zasnova mobilne aplikacije na temo normalnega odvajanja in organizirati zdravstvenovzgojne delavnice za starše na primarni ravni zdravstvenega varstva.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;obstipacija;zdravljenje;zdravstvena vzgoja;prehrana;medicinske sestre;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [A. Peterka]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5423723 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1460
Downloads: 411
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Constipation in children and health education
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Constipation is described as a bowel movement disorder. Its main symptoms include infrequent bowel movements, passage of hard stools and difficulty in passing stools. Constipation can be associated with pain in the abdomen and lack of appetite. The condition is treated in pharmacological and non-pharmacological way. Health education is the key factor in preventing and treating constipation conditions in children. Its success rate depends mostly on good cooperation between the nurse, the parents and the children. Nurses in the multidisciplinary healthcare teams have a critical role in the process of treatment and education since they are present during the entire time of the treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this dissertation is to present constipation in children and define methods of treatment and their effectiveness. A clear emphasis is given on the role nurses have in health education. Methods: The descriptive method with critical reading of the literature was used. Among others CINAHL, Science Direct, Medline and COBIB.SI databases were used to gather information. The research was carried out between February and July 2017. Results: Constipation is a health problem for the child as well as his parents. Even though lifestyle change is very important it is often necessary to use laxatives for the treatment to fully succeed. Nurses play a key role in the process of treating constipation. They act in a health-education way as they admit the children into care, escort them through the entire process and teach them different ways of eliminating the problem. Parents are the basic support for the children during the treatment. Discussion and conclusions: Educating the children as well as their parents on the measures to be taken during constipation is very important. It improves the peristalsis of the intestine and prevents for the constipation to reoccur. Attention needs to be taken to ensure adequate nutrition and drinking of fluids, recreation, proper bowel movements, physical activity and proper use of laxatives. To further improve preventative measures instruction manuals would need to be published and workshops addressing normal bowel movements in children should be organised for the parents at the kindergarten level. Mobile app addressing normal bowel movements in children should be written and health education workshops at the basic healthcare level should also be organised.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;constipation;treatment;health education;nutrition;nurses;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Dipl. delo (bolonjski študij), Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 33 str.
ID: 10925296