Secondary abstract: |
Introduction: Dental avulsion is one of the most serious and most common dental injuries. Appropriate first-aid treatments are the key to tooth conservation. Nurses should have knowledge of these treatments, since, with their active role in different medical procedures, they easily encounter such injuries. With adequate knowledge they can operate on a health education level. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to define dental avulsion and, using scientific and professional literature, to present appropriate first-aid treatments with this type of injury. We will present the basics of dental anatomy and nomenclature for easier understanding. Methods: We have used the descriptive methods with the overview of the professional and scientific literature using databases: COBIB.SI, Wiley online Library, PubMed and Science Direct. The publishing period of the reviewed articles was between the years 2012-2017. There were 49 works included. Results: Dental avulsion is the complete displacement of a tooth from is alveolus and it is included among dentoalveolar injuries. As soon as the injury occurs, the necrosis of the periodontal ligament cells begins, and this, accordingly, has significant impact on dental reimplantation and it increases the risk of the tooth loss. First-aid treatments are essential for successful rehabilitation of dental avulsion, where the main role include time, proper handling, proper storage medium, and the referral of the injured, together with the tooth, to dental practice. Discussion and conclusion: Reimplantation of the avulsed tooth must be performed in the shortest time at the place of the event, and, if that is not possible due to various factors, the tooth must be placed in proper storage medium. It is still not clear which storage medium is ideal. Besides first-aid treatments, we can include contraindications namely in the case of primary teeth, where guidelines advice against the reimplantation. With knowledge of the first-aid treatments with dental avulsion, we can prevent unnecessary tooth loss and other inconveniences, which would additionally unnecessarily impact the injured. |