magistrsko delo
Neja Domnik (Author), Matija Damjan (Mentor)

Abstract

Svobodo panorame predstavlja omejitev avtorske pravice, ki posameznikom daje pravico do ustvarjanja dvodimenzionalnih upodobitev javnih prostorov in prosto uporabo teh upodobitev. Takšna omejitev temeljni na človekovi pravici do svobode izražanja in na ideji, da je javni prostor v določenem smislu »skupno dobro«. Evropska InfoSoc direktiva določa svobodo panorame, vendar je določba za države članice neobvezna in je zato v veliki meri neharmonizirana. Posledično se pravne ureditve med državami članicami močno razlikujejo. Nemška zakonodaja zagotavlja svobodo panorame tako v nepridobitne kakor tudi v pridobitne namene. Kljub temu iz navedene ureditve izvzema fotografije, ki niso ustvarjene iz samega javnega prostora (npr. zračne fotografije). V nasprotju z Nemčijo pa Italija svobode panorame ne pozna. Zakon, ki ureja varstvo kulturnih dobrin celo določa obveznost pridobitve licence in plačila nadomestila zanjo, če kulturno dobrino reproducira posameznik v pridobitne namene ali pravna oseba. Medtem pa svoboda panorame v ZDA velja le za arhitekturna dela, kar lahko predstavlja težavo, saj je javni prostor prežet tudi z drugimi avtorskimi deli. Ne glede na to se ureditev razteza tudi v pridobitne namene. Slovenska ureditev omejuje fotografiranje javnih površin tako z vidika avtorskega prava kakor tudi z vidika varstva kulturne dediščine. ZVKD-1 v 44. členu prepoveduje fotografiranje spomenikov v pridobitne namene brez dovoljenja njihovih lastnikov. Takšna ureditev svobode panorame je zelo restriktivna in predstavlja poseg v ustavno pravico do svobode izražanja.

Keywords

svoboda panorame;svoboda izražanja;javni prostor;fotografija;avtorske pravice;avtorsko pravo;pravice intelektualne lastnine;pravo intelektualne lastnine;kulturna dediščina;varstvo kulturne dediščine;arhitektura;kipi;Wikimedija;primerjalno pravo;evropsko pravo;Nemčija;Italija;Slovenija;Združene države Amerike;magistrske diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher: [N. Domnik]
UDC: 347.78:340.5(043.2)
COBISS: 16245073 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1648
Downloads: 420
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Freedom of panorama and copyright law
Secondary abstract: Freedom of panorama is an exception to copyright law that gives individuals the right to create two-dimensional depictions of public spaces and the free use of these images. Such a restriction is fundamental to the human right of freedom of expression and to the idea that public space is, in a sense, a "common good". The InfoSoc Directive of the European Union provides the freedom of panorama; however, the provision is optional for the Member States and is therefore to a great extent non-harmonised. Consequently, there is a breadth of legal arrangements across the Member States. The German legislation provides freedom of panorama for commercial and non-profit purposes. However, it excludes the photographs that are not created from the public space itself (e.g. aerial photographs). On the other hand, Italian legal system does not recognize the freedom of panorama. Moreover, the law on protection of cultural property even imposes an obligation to obtain a license and pay due compensation for both individuals that would like to reproduce a cultural property for commercial purposes and for legal entities despite their purpose. Meanwhile, the freedom of panorama in the United States only applies to architectural works, potentially imposing a problem, since the public space is typically filled with other copyrighted works. Still, the legislation prescribes free use of such photographs for all purposes. Photographing of public space in the Slovenian law is regulated by the copyright law provisions and by the provisions of law on protection of cultural heritage. Article 44 of Cultural Heritage Protection Act prohibits taking photos of monuments in order to gain profit without prior consent of the monuments´ owners. Therefore, the Slovenian regulation of freedom of panorama is very restrictive and constitutes an interference with the constitutional right of freedom of expression.
Secondary keywords: freedom of panorama;freedom of expression;public space;photography;copyright;copyright law;architecture;sculptures;Wikimedia;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pravna fak.
Pages: 61 f.
ID: 10937954