Tokokromanoli v rastlinah

diplomski projekt

Polonca Mrvar (Author), Helena Šircelj (Mentor)

Abstract

Tokoferoli in tokotrienoli, ki se razlikujejo le glede na položaj njihovih hidrofobnih stranskih verig, so skupno znani kot tokokromanoli in so v maščobah topni antioksidanti, ki jih tvorijo fotosintetski organizmi. Vsi tokokromanoli so amfipatične molekule. Tokoferoli so prisotni v vseh fotosintetskih organizmih, tokotrienole pa najdemo le v nekaterih rastlinskih družinah. Biosinteza poteka v kloroplastu. Imajo veliko funkcij v rastlinah in so bistvenega pomena za prehrano ljudi. Pri rastlinah preprečujejo oksidativne poškodbe biomembran, so kazalci oksidativnega stresa, preprečujejo fotooksidacijo klorofila, imajo pomembno vlogo pri stabilizaciji membran, pri človeku pa zavirajo procese staranja, ščitijo rdeče krvne celice, ki prenašajo kisik v organe, varujejo možganske celice, zmanjšujejo rast rakavih celic, znižujejo holesterol. Vitamin E je skupno ime vseh tokoferolov in tokotrienolov. α-tokoferol je najbolj znana oblika vitamina E. V diplomskem seminarju bo predstavljena zgradba tokokromanolov, funkcija v rastlinah, pri živalih in človeški prehrani, podatki o dnevnem vnosu vitamina E pri različnih starostih in nazadnje še vsebnost α-, β-, γ- in δ-tokokromanolov v različnem sadju in zelenjavi ter biofortifikacija vitamina E.

Keywords

tokokromanoli;tokoferoli;tokotrienoli;antioksidanti;vitamin E;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[P. Mrvar]
UDC:	581.19:577.161.3(043.2)
COBISS:	8987769
Views:	754
Downloads:	243
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Tocochromanols in plants
Secondary abstract:	Tocopherols and tocotrienols, which differ only in the degree of saturation of their hydrophobic side chains are collectively known as tocochromanols and are lipid-soluble antioxidants, synthesized by photosynthetic organisms. All tocochromanols are amphipatic molecules. Tocopherols are present in all photosynthetic organisms, but the tocotrienols are found only in certain plant families. The plant chloroplast is the site of biosynthesis. They have a lot of functions in plants; they prevent oxidative damage of biomembranes in plants, oxidative stress indicators, prevent photooxidation of chlorophyll, play an important role in the stabilization of membranes, and they are essential in human diet; they destroy free radicals and thus prevent oxidation, inhibiting the aging process, protecting red blood cells that transport oxygen to the organs, they are neuroprotective, anticancer and cholesterol-lowering. α-tocopherol is known as the most abundant and active form of vitamin E. Vitamin E is a generic description for all tocopherol and tocotrienol derivates. The B. Sc. thesis will discuss the function of tocohromanols, function in plants, animals and human diet and the daily input of vitamin E at different ages and at least contents of α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocochromanol in different fruits and vegetables and vitamin E biofortification.
Secondary keywords:	tocochromanols;tocopherols;tocotrienols;antioxidants;vitamin E;
Type (COBISS):	Diploma project paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages:	VI, 20 str.
ID:	10940043