Naomi Novak (Author), Urška Puh (Reviewer), Darja Rugelj (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Pri stoji na mehki podlagi pride do sprememb, ki se kažejo tudi na ravni osrednjega živčevja in so podobne spremembam, ki jih opazimo pri motoričnem učenju. Namen: V diplomskem delu so nas pri zdravih mladih preiskovancih zanimali učinki na gibanje središča pritiska, do katerih pride pri ponavljajoči stoji na mehki podlagi in ali dosežejo plato spreminjanja gibanja središča pritiska. Metode: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 17 mladih preiskovancev, 12 oseb ženskega spola in 5 oseb moškega spola. Preiskovanci so bili stari od 18 do 25 let. Ugotavljali smo učinke stoje na mehki podlagi na gibanje središča pritiska v desetih zaporednih dneh. Preiskovanci so 60 sekund stali na pritiskovni plošči Kistler 9286AA ali na Airex® blazini, ki je bila položena na pritiskovno ploščo, bosi, s stopali tesno skupaj. Za meritve smo uporabili modificirani test senzorične interakcije: stoja na trdni podlagi z odprtimi očmi (TPOO), stoja na trdni podlagi z zaprtimi očmi (TPZO), stoja na mehki podlagi z odprtimi očmi (MPOO), stoja na mehki podlagi z zaprtimi očmi (MPOZ). Prvi in zadnji dan smo izvedli meritve v vseh štirih pogojih, ostale dni pa smo izvajali le meritve na mehki podlagi kot vadba ravnotežja. Opazovane spremenljivke: pot x, pot y, povprečna hitrost gibanja središča pritiska, ploščino gibanja središča pritiska po metodi PCA (izračunano s pomočjo lastnih vrednosti kovariančne matrike), ploščina gibanja središča pritiska z metodo Fourierjeve analize obrisa (FAO). Rezultati: Test t je pokazal statistično pomembno razliko (p < 0.05) le pri stoji na mehki podlagi z zaprtimi očmi med prvo in zadnjo meritvijo pri gibanju središča pritiska v anteroposteriori (AP) in mediolateralni (ML) smeri ter pri hitrosti gibanja središča pritiska. Pri stoji na mehki podlagi z zaprtimi očmi se v povprečju zmanjša pot gibanja središča pritiska v AP smeri za 17 %, pot v ML smeri za 19 % ter hitrost gibanja središča za 18 %. Zmanjša se tudi površina, in sicer za 12 %. Pri analizi 10 zaporednih meritev smo ugotovili pomembno razliko med deveto in deseto zaporedno meritvijo (p = 0,011) za pot gibanja središča pritiska v AP smeri pri odprtih očeh na mehki podlagi. Pri ostalih treh spremenljivkah razlike med posameznimi meritvami niso bile statistično pomembne. Pri zaprtih očeh se je spremenljivka AP poti približala meji statistične pomembnosti (p = 0,078). Post hoc test je pokazal največjo razliko med prvo in deseto meritvijo (p = 0,101). Razprava in sklep: Dobljeni rezultati niso pokazali statistično pomembnih sprememb med zaporednimi meritvami, zato ne moremo sklepati na večjo stabilnost ali učinek motoričnega učenja pri ponavljajoči stoji na mehki podlagi. Da bi lahko posplošili rezultate, bi bilo smiselno ponoviti raziskavo na večjem številu preiskovancev in/ali povečati število zaporednih meritev in/ali povečati zahtevnost.

Keywords

diplomska dela;fizioterapija;gibanje središče pritiska;mehka podlaga;motorično učenje;ravnotežje;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [N. Novak]
UDC: 615.8
COBISS: 5448811 Link will open in a new window
Views: 813
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Effects of successive measures of a quiet stance on a foam surface on center of pressure
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Changes that occur during stance on a soft surface also appear at the level of the central nervous system and are similar to changes seen in motor learning. Aim: In this study on young and healthy subjects we were interested in effects of successive stance on a soft surface on the movement of center of pressure and whether they reach a plateau. Methods: The study involved 17 young subjects, 12 females and 5 males. The subjects were aged 18 to 25 years. We examined the effects of standing on a soft surface on center of pressure for ten consecutive days. The subjects were standing on the pressure plate Kistler 9286AA which Airex® pad was placed on (in 3rd and 4th condition), without shoes, with their feet tight together, hands relaxed along the body, the head straightened. For the performed measurements we used the modified sensory interaction test. Measurements: 1. firm surface - eyes opened, 2. firm surface – eyes closed, 3. soft surface – eyes opened, 4. soft surface – eyes closed. The test lasted for 60 seconds. On the first and last day, we carried out all four measurements, while the rest of the days we only performed measurements on a soft pad as balance training. Observed variables were path x, path y, mean velocity of the center of pressure, surface area of movement of the center of pressure using the PCA method and FAO method. Results: T test showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) only while standing on a soft surface with eyes closed between the first last measurement when moving the center of pressure in the AP and the ML direction and at the velocity of the movement of the center of pressure. When standing on a soft surface with eyes closed, the path of movement of center of pressure in the AP direction decreases by 17%, in the ML direction by 19% and the velocity of movement of center of pressure also decreases by 18%. With eyes closed, the area also decreases by 12%. The analysis of 10 consecutive measurements showed significant difference between the ninth and tenth consecutive measurement (p = 0.011) for the AP path of center of pressure on soft surface with eyes opened. For the other three variables, the differences between the individual measurements were not statistically significant. With eyes closed, the AP path variable approached the limit of statistical significance (p = 0.078). The post hoc test showed the largest difference between the first and tenth measurement (p = 0.101). Discussion and conclusion: The obtained results did not show statistically significant changes between consecutive measurements, therefore, we cannot conclude on the greater stability or the effect of motor learning in repetitive standing on a soft surface. In order to generalize the results we should repeat the study with larger number of subject and/or increase the number of training units and/or increase the complexity of stance.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;physiotherapy;movement of center of pressure;foam surface;motor learning;balance;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Dipl. delo (bolonjski študij), Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za fizioterapijo
Pages: 29 str.
ID: 10942093