Brexit

njegove posledice za Evropsko unijo

Marko Vehovar (Author), Matej Avbelj (Mentor)

Abstract

Združeno kraljestvo predstavlja prvo državo članico, ki se je že v letu 2013 na pobudo takratnega premierja Davida Camerona pričela ukvarjati z možnostjo izstopa iz Evropske unije (EU). Ta je v svojem govoru izrazil namero o ponovnem pogajanju o pogojih članstva Združenega kraljestva v EU, rezultate pogajanj pa je nameraval dati na referendum, kjer bi ljudje odločali o tem, ali naj Združeno kraljestvo izstopi iz EU ali ne. 23. junija 2016 so državljani Združenega kraljestva odločali o odhodu iz EU. Na referendumu je 52 % državljanov izglasovalo izstop. Do tega trenutka so bila vprašanja, vezana na morebitni izstop katere od držav članic, zgolj predmet teoretičnih razprav znotraj EU. Omenjeni referendum pa je teorijo spremenil v prakso. Z reformno Lizbonsko pogodbo in uvedenim 50. členom so države članice EU dobile pravico do izstopa iz EU. Do tega trenutka tovrstni izstop ni bil mogoč oziroma so države članice do leta 2009 lahko uporabile 65. člen Dunajske konvencije o pravu mednarodnih pogodb, ki se naslanja na odpoved mednarodne pogodbe ali odstop od mednarodne pogodbe, ne določa pa izstopa iz EU. Izstop iz EU pomeni tako za državo kakor tudi za Unijo kot celoto številne posledice. Za državo prenehajo veljati vse politike EU, sama pa si mora izpogajati nadaljnje odnose z EU. Za državo prenehajo veljati vse svoboščine notranjega trga EU, kar pomeni zanjo velike finančne izgube, nenazadnje pa tudi izgube za celotno EU. V magistrskem delu na podlagi proučevanja strokovne literature obravnavamo tematiko Brexita. Predstavljamo nastanek EU in temeljne akte EU. Navajamo pogoje za pristop k EU in sam postopek pristopa. Prav tako obravnavamo tudi možnosti izstopa iz EU in izpostavljamo izstopno klavzulo. Svojo pozornost nadalje posvečamo predstavitvi posledic, ki nastopijo ob izstopu države članice iz EU. Predstavljamo tudi pomen Brexita in analiziramo posledice, ki se lahko pojavijo ob izstopu Združenega kraljestva iz EU tako za izstopajočo državo kot za države članice. Magistrsko delo lahko zaključimo z ugotovitvijo, da celostno sicer ni mogoče predvideti vseh posledic izstopa, saj so te odvisne predvsem od prihodnjega razmerja države, v našem primeru Združenega Kraljestva z EU. Z gotovostjo pa je mogoče reči, da bi bile posledice obsežne, dolgoročne in trajne. Združeno Kraljestvo bi izgubilo veliko tržšče in prav tako bi izgubilo na verodostojnosti, kar bi lahko pripeljalo do negativnega odzivanja tržišča nanjo.

Keywords

Evropska unija;Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske;Lizbonska pogodba;magistrske naloge;bolonjski program;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FDŠ
Publisher:	[M. Vehovar]
UDC:	061.1EU(043.2)
COBISS:	2053171382
Views:	3
Downloads:	2
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Brexit: njegove posledice za Evropsko unijo
Secondary abstract:	The United Kingdom, hereinafter referred to as the UK, is the first member state, who started dealing with the possibility of exiting the European Union, hereinafter referred to as the EU, on the initiative of then Prime Minister David Cameron. In his speech, he voiced his intention to renegotiate the conditions of UK membership in the EU, and the results of the negotiations were intended to be made at a referendum where people would decide whether to leave UK out of the EU. On June 23rd, 2016, British citizens decided to leave the EU. At a referendum, 52 % of the citizens voted out. Until that moment, the issues related to the possible exit of one of the EU Member States were merely the subject of theoretical debates within the EU. However, this referendum has turned the theory into practice. With the reform Treaty of Lisbon and Article 50 introduced, EU Member States have been granted the right to withdraw from the EU. Until that moment, such an exit was not possible. EU Member States could until 2009 apply Article 65 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of International Treaties, which relies on the termination of an international treaty or withdrawal from an international treaty, but does not provide for exit from the EU. The exit from the EU results in a number of consequences for both the country and the Union as a whole. All EU policies cease to be valid for the country, and it itself needs to negotiate further relations with the EU. All the freedoms of the EU's internal market are extinguished for the country, which means huge financial losses for the country. Finally yet importantly, it means losses for the whole EU too. In the master's thesis, based on the study of professional literature, we discuss the topic of Brexit. We are representing the emergence of the EU and a fundamental act of the EU. We state the conditions for entering the EU and the entry procedure itself. We are also considering the possibilities of leaving the EU and highlighting the exit clause. We are further devoting our attention to the presentation of the consequences that arise when a Member State leaves the EU. We also present the significance of Brexit and analyze the consequences that may arise when UK withdraws from the EU for both the emerging country and the Member States. The master's thesis can be concluded with the conclusion that, overall, it is not possible to foresee all the consequences of the exit, since these depend primarily on the future relationship of the state, in our case, Britain with the EU. However, it can be said with certainty that the consequences would be large, long-term and lasting. Great Britain would lose a large market and also lose credibility, which could lead to a negative response to the market on it.
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Fakulteta za državne in evropske študije
Source comment:	Mag. delo 2. stopnje bolonjskega študija; magistrski študijski program Javna uprava;
Pages:	IX, 101 str.
ID:	10951820