Vprašanje nasledstva SFRJ

sporazum o vprašanjih nasledstva - 15 let pozneje

Valentina Šegula (Author), Ernest Petrič (Mentor)

Abstract

Razpad nekdanje Socialistične federativne republike Jugoslavije (v nadaljevanju SFRJ) je bil buren proces, ki je odprl številna nasledstvena vprašanja. Arbitražna komisija mednarodne konference o bivši Jugoslaviji je v svojih 15 mnenjih razjasnila številna nasledstvena vprašanja in opredelila pojem državne lastnine SFRJ. Dunajski konvenciji iz leta 1978 in 1983 sta poleg arbitražne komisije predstavljali podlago za nadaljnja nasledstvena pogajanja držav naslednic. Države naslednice so po skoraj desetih letih pogajanj podpisale sporazum o vprašanjih nasledstva. Poglavitni razlog za podaljšana pogajanja je bilo vztrajanje Zvezne republike Jugoslavije (v nadaljevanju ZRJ) na stališču, da je edina nosilka kontinuitete po nekdanji SFRJ. Po demokratičnih spremembah v vodstvu ZRJ in padcu Miloševićevega režima je bilo možno zaključiti postopek nasledstvenih pogajanj. Sporazum je edina multilateralna pogodba, ki so jo države naslednice podpisale kot enakovredni subjekti mednarodnega prava. Sestavlja ga sedem prilog, ki obravnavajo premično in nepremično premoženje, diplomatska in konzularna predstavništva, državne arhive, pokojnine, druge pravice, pravne koristi in finančne obveznosti, zasebno premoženje in pridobljene pravice ter finančna sredstva in obveznosti. Eno najpomembnejših nerešenih vprašanj je vprašanje starih deviznih vlog varčevalcev. Po številnih zamujenih priložnostih za razrešitev tega vprašanje je bilo vprašanje časa, kdaj se bodo varčevalci obrnili na Evropsko sodišče za človekove pravice (v nadaljevanju ESČP). ESČP je v pilotni sodbi na primeru Ališić odločilo v prid varčevalcem. Odločilo je, da sta Slovenija in Srbija odgovorni za kršitev Protokola št. 1. Slovenija je pokazala pripravljenost spoštovati sodbo in slovenski državni zbor je sprejel Zakon o poplačilu neizplačanih starih deviznih vlog. Kljub temu da pomeni sporazum o vprašanjih nasledstva ogromen dosežek, ostajajo številna nasledstvena vprašanja neurejena. Slovenija se bo tako soočala s pravično razdelitvijo jamstva za stare devizne vloge varčevalcev, z dokončanjem delitve diplomatskih in konzularnih predstavništev,kulturne dediščine, arhivov ter njihovo digitalizacijo ter z delitvijo finančnih sredstev v bankah z mešanim kapitalom.

Keywords

nasledstvo držav;sukcesija držav;mednarodno pravo;mednarodna arbitraža;hranilne vloge;SFRJ;Jugoslavija;diplomske naloge;bolonjski program;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2016
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	EVRO-PF - European Faculty of Law, Nova Gorica
Publisher:	[V. Šegula]
UDC:	341.218.3:347.918(043.2)
COBISS:	2053185974
Views:	23
Downloads:	1
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	The dissolution of the former Yugoslavia was a turbulent process which opened numerous succession issues. With its 15 opinions the Arbitration Commission of the Conference on Yugoslavia clarified numerous succession issues regarding SFRY and provided the definition of the state property. The Vienna conventions 1978 and 1983 also served as basis for the negotiations on succession issues. After almost 10 years of negotiations, the five successor states signed the Agreement on succession issues. The main reason for such prolonged negotiations was the adamant position of the FRY that it was entitled to continue the legal personality of the SFRY. After democratic changes and the fall of Milošević, it was possible to bring the succession process to an end. The Agreement is the only multilateral agreement signed by all successor states as equal subject of the international law. It consists of 7 annexes that define the distribution of movable and immovable property, diplomatic and consular properties, archives, pensions, acquired rights and financial assets and liabilities of the former SFRY. The main unsolved issue was the issue of old foreign currency savings. After many missed opportunities to settle this issue among states, individual depositors turned to ECtHR for justice. The ECtHR decided in favor of the depositors in a pilot judgment in the case Ališić. It decided that only Slovenia and Serbia violated the Article 1 of Protocol No. 1. Slovenia demonstrated its commitment to insure the implementation of the judgment and the Slovenian Parliament adopted the Act of the Method of Execution of the ECtHR Judgment. Although the Agreement on succession issues was an enormous achievement some succession issues still remain unsolved. Much remains to be done as regards the implementation of the Agreement on Succession Issues. For Slovenia, that is fair distribution of the guarantees for foreign currency deposits, the distribution of the remaining diplomatic and consular properties of the SFRY, the distribution of cultural heritage and return of archives, digitalization of common Yugoslav archives, and distribution of financial assets in banks with mixed capital.
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Evropska pravna fak.
Source comment:	Dipl. delo 1. stopnje bolonjskega študija; univerzitetni študijski program Pravo I;
Pages:	IX, 61 str.
ID:	10951860