Hidrotermična degradacija pet embalaže

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Tjaša Kovše (Author), Mojca Škerget (Mentor), Maja Čolnik (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Namen diplomskega dela je bil izvesti hidrotermično degradacijo polietilen tereftalata (PET) s pomočjo pod in nadkritične vode. PET je pomemben termoplastični poliester, ki nastane z esterifikacijo tereftalne kisline (TPA) in etilenglikolom (EG). PET ima odlično natezno trdnost, kemično odpornost, sposobnost obdelave in primerno toplotno stabilnost. Značilni izdelki iz PET so predvsem folije, plastenke za mineralno vodo, povratne plastenke, plastenke za vroče polnjenje, plošče za zasteklitve, reklame in sintetična vlakna. Industrija recikliranja PET embalaž se je začela kot posledica pritiska na okolje, da bi izboljšali ravnanje z odpadki. Naravna razgradnja PET embalaž je zelo počasna, sama količina odpadkov iz danega materiala pa se iz dneva v dan dramatično povečuje. S tem namenom smo preučevali razgradnjo PET embalaže v pod in nadkritični vodi. Eksperimente smo izvajali v visokotlačnem in visokotemperaturnem šaržnem reaktorju pri temperaturah od 250 do 400 °C, reakcijskem času od 1 do 30 min in razmerju voda/PET embalaža 10/1. S pomočjo FT-IR in HPLC analize smo preverili čistost glavnega produkta (TPA) in določili sekundarne produkte. Največji izkoristek TPA smo ugotovili pri podkritičnih pogojih in sicer pri temperaturi 300 °C in času 10 min, kjer je znašal kar 95,68%. Pri nadkritičnih pogojih pa se je izkoristek TPA znižal, kar lahko pripišemo kot posledico tvorbe večjega deleža sekundarnih produktov.

Keywords

hidrotermična degradacija;podkritična voda;nadkritična voda;tereftalna kislina;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[T. Kovše]
UDC:	678.06:621.798(043.2)
COBISS:	21952790
Views:	863
Downloads:	142
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Hydrothermal degradation of pet waste
Secondary abstract:	The purpose of the diploma work was to perform hydrothermal degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with sub- and supercritical water. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a semi crystalline polymer derived from terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG). It has excellent tensile and impact strength, chemical resistance and appropriate thermal stability. Typical PET products are mainly foils, plastic bottles for mineral water, plastic bottles which can be recycled, bottles for hot fill, glazing panes, advertising, synthetic fibres. The industry of recycling PET waste started as a result of pressure on the environment to improve waste management. Natural decomposition of PET waste is very slow, however, the amount of waste of this material dramatically increases every day on a global scale. In this study, the effect of degradation of PET in sub- and supercritical water at different temperatures and reaction times has been investigated. The hydrolysis reaction of PET was carried out in a high pressure and high temperature batch reactor at different temperatures from 250 to 400 °C, for reaction time from 1 to 30 min and water/PET waste ratio 10/1. The main degradation product (TPA) and secondary products were determined by HPLC and FT-IR analysis. The greatest efficiency of TPA has been identified at subcritical conditions, namely at 300 °C and at time 10 min, totalling 95.68 %. The efficiency of TPA reduced at supercritical conditions which can be a consequence of formation of higher amount of secondary products.
Secondary keywords:	PET;hydrothermal degradation;subcritical water;supercritical water;terephthalic acid;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	VIII, 24 str.
ID:	10954280