Bolezni, ki jih povzročajo humani virusi papiloma, in preprečevanje s cepljenjem

Abstract

Okužbe s humanimi virusi papiloma (HPV) so zelo pogoste spolno prenosljive bolezni, ki se značilno pojavijo kmalu po začetku spolne dejavnosti. Breme z njimi povezanih bolezni, rakavih in nerakavih, je veliko za ženske in moške. HPV, ki prinašajo veliko tveganje, visokotvegani ali onkogeni HPV pri ženskah povzročajo raka materničnega vratu, nožnice in zunanjega spolovila, pri moških pa raka penisa ter pomemben delež raka žrela in raka zadnjika pri ženskah in moških. Pred nekaj leti sta bili izdelani cepivi, ki preprečujeta okužbo z 2 genotipoma, ki povzročata raka (HPV 16 in 18). Pri neokuženih osebah v približno 95 % učinkovito preprečujeta bolezni, ki jih povzročata oba genotipa, ne zdravita pa okužbe. Profilaktični cepivi sta prvi, ki so ju naredili, da bi pri človeku preprečevali raka.

Keywords

papiloma virusi;preventivna medicina;cepljenje;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2011
Typology:	1.04 - Professional Article
Organization:	OI - Institute of Oncology
UDC:	616-006.6
COBISS:	1105787
ISSN:	1408-1741
Parent publication:	Onkologija
Views:	2209
Downloads:	607
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Human Papillomavirus-Related Diseases and Prevention with Vaccination
Secondary abstract:	Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an extremely prevalent sexually transmited infection that is typically acquired soon after the onset of sexual activity. The burden of HPV-related malignant and nonmalignant disease is high in women and men. High-risk or oncogenic types of HPV cause cervical, vaginal, and vulvar vancer in women. These types have also been shown to cause penile cancer in men and a substantial proportion of oropharingeal and anal cancer in women and men. Low-risk types of HPV cause anogenital warts. Virus-like particle-based vaccines have recently been developed to prevent the infection with two cancer-associated HPV genotypes (HPV 16, HPV 18) and have been ~ 95% effective in preventing HPV-associated disease caused by genotypes in virus-naive subjects. The prophylactic vaccines are not therapeutic for the already present infection. HPV prophylactic vaccines are the first vaccines designed to prevent a human cancer.
Secondary keywords:	Papillomavirus infections;Prevention and control;Viral vaccines;
URN:	URN:NBN:SI
Pages:	str. 5-9
Volume:	ǂLetn. ǂ15
Issue:	ǂšt. ǂ1
Chronology:	jun. 2011
ID:	10956317