Kinetika proizvodnje bioplina med anaerobno fermentacijo bioloških odpadkov, precepljenih z glivama Pleurotus ostreatus in Trametes versicolor

diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Ana Vozlič (Author), Darja Pečar (Mentor), Andreja Goršek (Co-mentor), Franc Pohleven (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V okviru diplomskega dela smo izvajali anaerobno fermentacijo, pri kateri smo določali prostornino nastalega bioplina, koncentracijo metana ter določali kinetiko procesa anaerobne fermentacije. Za proizvodnjo bioplina smo kot substrat uporabili piščančji gnoj z žagovino, ki smo ga zmešali s predobdelano pšenično slamo preraščeno z micelijem gliv Pleurotus ostreatus ali pa Trametes versicolor. Za kontrolo smo uporabili nepreraščeno pšenično slamo. Mešanice so vsebovale tri različna masna razmerja (80 : 20, 60 : 40 in 50 : 50). Proces anaerobne fermentacije smo izvajali 21 d in fermentorje držali pri konstantni temperaturi (35, 40 in 45 °C). Med fermentacijo smo z metodo izpodrinjene tekočine spremljali prostornino nastalega bioplina. S plinskim kromatografom smo v bioplinu merili koncentracijo metana. Nato smo iz pridobljenih podatkov z modificiranim Gompertz-ovim ter kinetičnim modelom 1. reda izračunali kinetične parametre nastajanja CH4 in določili aktivacijsko energijo procesa. Naredili smo primerjavo ustreznosti prileganja modelov z eksperimentalnimi podatki. Proizvodnost bioplina je bila največja pri pšenični slami, ki je bila preraščena z glivo Pleurotus ostreatus pri masnem razmerju 50 : 50 in temperaturi fermentacije 45 °C. Najmanjšo prostornino bioplina smo zabeležili pri fermentaciji piščančjega gnoja in pšenične slame, preraščene z glivo Trametes versicolor, z masnim razmerjem 80 : 20 in pri temperaturi 35 °C. Ugotovili smo, da temperatura vpliva na proizvodnost bioplina, saj so vrednosti višje pri višji temperaturi. Rezultati kažejo, da je koncentracija CH4 v začetnih dneh anaerobne fermentacije hitreje naraščala pri višji temperaturi, medtem ko smo po 21 dneh pri vseh temperaturah dosegli vrednosti koncentracij CH4 med 53 in 55 %. Večje prileganje modela eksperimentalnim ter izračunanim podatkom je pokazal kinetični model 1. reda.

Keywords

kinetika;aktivacijska energija;koncentracija metana;anaerobna fermentacija;piščančji gnoj;bioplin;glivna predobdelava;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UM FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Publisher:	[A. Vozlič]
UDC:	662.767.2:544.4(043.2)
COBISS:	21935894
Views:	754
Downloads:	76
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Kinetics of biogas production during anaerobic fermentation of biological waste, cultured with fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor
Secondary abstract:	In the context of the diploma we performed an anaerobic fermentation in which we determined the volume of the resulting biogas, the concentration of methane and the kinetics of the anaerobic fermentation process. Chicken manure and sawdust mixed with pre-treated wheat straw overgrown with the fungi Pleutorus ostreatus as well Trametes versicolor, were used as the substrate to produce biogas. For the control bare wheat straw was used. The mixtures contained three different mass ratios of chicken manure and wheat straw (80 : 20, 60 : 40 and 50 : 50). Anaerobic fermentation was carried out for 21 days. The fermenters were kept at a constant temperature (35, 40 and 45 °C). During the reaction the displaced liquid technique was used to measure the amount of formed biogas. With a gas chromatograph the concentration of methane in the biogas was measured. Using a modified Gompertz and first order kinetic model the kinetic parameters of the methane production of were calculated and the activation energy of the process determined. A comparison between the suitability of the models was made based on experimental data. The highest production of biogas was obtained during the fermentation of mixture of chicken manure and wheat straw overgrown with the Pleurotus osreatus at a mass ratio of 50 : 50 and temperature of 45 °C. The lowest volume of biogas was recorded using wheat straw overgrown with the Trametes versicolor, when the mass ratio was 80 : 20 and fermentation temperature 35 °C. We have concluded that the temperature affects the biogas production, since it is concentration values are higher at higher temperatures. The results show that the concentration of methane rises faster in the first few days of fermentation at higher temperatures, while the final concentration of methane (between 53 and 55 %) was reached after 21 d at all temperatures. I has been proven that the first order kinetic model fits to the experimental data a satisfactory degree.
Secondary keywords:	kinetics;activation energy;methane concentration;anaerobic fermentation;biogas;chicken manure;fungal pre-treatment;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	XIV, 64 str.
ID:	10956924