diplomsko delo
Vesna Lopuh (Author), Ljubiša Pađen (Reviewer), Manca Pajnič (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Spolno izražanje je ena od osnovnih človekovih potreb ne glede na starost. Kljub globoko zakoreninjenim prepričanjem družbe o aseksualnem starostnem obdobju starostniki brez dvoma zavzemajo mesto spolno aktivnih ljudi. Potreba po svetovanju, pogovoru in pomoči glede izražanja spolnih potreb je pri starostnikih prisotna, a pogosto neizpolnjena zaradi tabujev družbe ali zadržkov zdravstvenega osebja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je zaobseči stališča študentov zdravstvene nege do spolnosti pri starostnikih, s katerimi so se srečali ob opravljanju kliničnih usposabljanj in jih predstaviti v diplomskem delu. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela. Oblikovan je bil anketni vprašalnik za izvedbo presečne raziskave med študenti zdravstvene nege. Priložnostni vzorec je bil zajet v maju 2018. Pridobljenih je bilo 170 vprašalnikov, ustreznih za obravnavo v analizi diplomskega dela. Rezultati so bili obdelani in predstavljeni s pomočjo tabel in grafov ter kvalitativno tematsko analizirani in interpretirani s povzetki ali dobesednimi navedki odgovorov. Rezultati: Spolne aktivnosti starostnikov se zaveda 82 % anketiranih študentov zdravstvene nege. Večina (78 %) vprašanih se za potrebe negovalne dokumentacije in načrta zdravstvene nege s starostniki ne pogovarja o spolnosti. Razlogi za to so prepričanje, da je to tabu tema za starostnike (37 %), neprepoznavanje pomembnosti teme (24 %), opisovanje lastnih občutkov nelagodja (17 %), navajanje spolnosti kot splošne tabu teme (20 %). O opažanju vedenja v obliki spolnega zapeljevanja pri starostnikih poroča 69 % študentov. Opažanja, da bi starostnik otipaval, se v spolnem kontekstu dotikal ali poljubil koga poroča polovica. Ob tem jih 59 % poroča o neprijetnih, 23 % o nevtralnih in 18 % o prijetnih občutkih. Večina (81 %) ne poroča o neposrednih izkušnjah s spolnim vedenjem starostnikov. 9 % pa je to izkušnjo že doživelo in jo v 68 % opisuje kot neprijetno. Razprava in zaključek: Odnos študentov zdravstvene nege do spolnosti pri starostnikih, obravnavanih v naši raziskavi, lahko opišemo kot zadržan. Pogosti so zadržki, da bo ob omembi te teme starostnikom neprijetno in osebni občutki nelagodja ob tej temi. Ugotovitve kažejo na veliko mero zavedanja in prepoznavanja izražanja spolnih potreb pri starostnikih, a pogosto izpostavljen aspekt pomanjkanja znanja in občutka nekompetentnosti za reševanje težav in svetovanje starostnikom na tem področju. Pri manjšini je še vedno odsotno zavedanje obstoja in pomena spolnih potreb za celostno obravnavo starostnika. Razlog so lastna prepričanja študentov ali nezadostno posvečanje vsebinam spolnosti s strani izobraževalnih ustanov. Potrebno je prizadevanje za ustvarjanje okolja, ki nudi podporo vseh potreb posameznika, vključno z razumevanjem in upoštevanjem spolnih potreb starejših. Stališča in znanja zaposlenih morajo biti zadostno široka, da zmorejo prevzeti pobudo za pogovor o spolnosti in oceno in izobraževanje starostnikov o načinih varnega zadovoljevanja spolnih potreb. Prav vsak študent zdravstvene nege ali medicinska sestra, ki se srečujeta s starostniki, sta odgovorna za spreminjanje predsodkov in izboljševanje pogleda družbe glede spolnosti pri starostnikih.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;spolnost;starostniki;odnos do spolnosti pri starostnikih;zdravstveni delavci;študenti zdravstvene nege;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [V. Lopuh]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5471851 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1191
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Attitudes of nursing students towards sexuality of older adults
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Expressing sexuality is one of the basic human needs regardless of age. Despite the society’s deep-rooted beliefs about the asexual age, the older adults are undoubtedly sexually active people. Their needs for talking, counseling and assisting in expressing sexual needs are often compromised due to the taboos of the society or healthcare professionals' non-inclined attitudes. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma’s work is to capture the views of nursing care students about older adult’s sexuality which they met within their clinical training and present them in the bachelor’s thesis. Methods: We used a descriptive method of work. A survey questionnaire was designed for a cross-sectional study among nursing students. An ad hoc sample was gathered in May 2018. 170 questionnaires were obtained for consideration in the analysis of the diploma’s thesis. The results were analyzed and presented using tables and charts. The content was analyzed and interpreted with summaries or literal quotes of responders’ answers. Results: 82% of the surveyed nursing students are aware of the sexual activity of the older adults. Most (78%) of respondents do not talk with the elderly about sexuality for the needs of the healthcare documentation and the nursing plan preparation. The reasons are the belief that this is a taboo topic for the elderly (37%), not recognizing the importance of the topic (24%), describing their own feelings of discomfort (17%), and referencing sexuality as a general taboo theme (20%). 69% of students report about the behavior in the form of sexual seduction in the elderly. Half of the students report the observations of an elderly touching or kissing. 59% of the students report uncomfortable, 23% neutral and 18% pleasant feelings. The majority (81%) do not report direct experiences with the sexual behavior of the elderly. 9% report experience and 68% described it as uncomfortable. Discussion and conclusion: The students' attitudes revealed in this study might best be summarized as reluctant. They are hesitant to discuss sexuality with their elderly patients, often assuming the elderly would feel uncomfortable – or because they feel so themselves. The findings show a large measure of awareness and recognition of expressing sexual needs in the elderly, but often emphasize the lack of knowledge to solve problems and to counsel the elderly in this area of needs. The minority of nursing students still have no awareness of the existence and importance of sexual needs for the holistic treatment of the elderly. The reason is the students' own beliefs or insufficient attention to the content of sexuality by educational institutions. Lots of effort is needed to create an environment that supports all the needs of an individual, including understanding and respecting the sexual needs of the elderly. The views and knowledge of nursing professionals must be sufficient enough to be able to discuss sexuality, evaluate, and educate the elderly about ways to safely meet their sexual needs. Every nurse in contact with older people is responsible for changing prejudices and improving the society's view of sexuality in older adults.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;sexuality;elderly;attitudes towards aged sexuality;nursing professionals;nursing students;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 34 str., [5] str. pril.
ID: 10957225