diplomsko delo
Petra Kern (Author), Mojca Narat (Mentor), Mojca Narat (Thesis defence commission member), Damjana Drobne (Thesis defence commission member), Polona Jamnik (Thesis defence commission member)

Abstract

CAR-T celična terapija je ena od novejših in uspešnejših metod za zdravljenje raka. Temelji na opremljanju pacientu avtolognih celic T z receptorji CAR, ki so sposobni prepoznati tumorske antigene in sprožiti odziv limfocitov T. Receptorji CAR so fuzijski proteini sestavljeni iz značilnih domen: vezavne domene, ekstracelularne povezovalne domene, transmembranske domene, signalizacijske domene in kostimulatorne domene. Vsaka od njih ima specifično funkcijo in vpliva na delovanje receptorja CAR in CAR-T celične terapije. Produkcija celic CAR-T poteka v več korakih. Najprej pacientu odvzamejo limfocite T, nato jih aktivirajo in transformirajo, jih razmnožijo in vrnejo v pacienta v obliki infuzije. Celice se nato še naprej razmnožujejo v pacientu in vršijo svojo funkcijo napadanja in uničevanja tumorskih celic. Kljub začetnim velikim uspehom terapije na področju zdravljenja levkemij, ima terapija svoje resne stranske učinke. Glavna problema terapije sta sindrom prekomernega izločanja citokinov in toksičnost zaradi napada na zdrave celice, ki izražajo tumorski antigen. Pojavljajo se mnoge rešitve teh problemov. Glavne so uporaba samomorilskih mehanizmov, pri katerih se celice CAR-T ob prisotnosti induktorja uničijo, in uporaba kombinacij receptorjev CAR z bolj specifično ločevanje tumorskih od zdravih celic.

Keywords

biotehnologija;CAR-T;rak;imunoterapija;celična terapija;limfociti T;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [P. Kern]
UDC: 60:616-006.4:615.37(043.2)
COBISS: 9057913 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1894
Downloads: 640
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Therapy with modified T-cells that express chimeric receptor for tumor antigens
Secondary abstract: CAR-T cell therapy is one of the newest and most successful methods for treating cancer. The therapy is based on transducing CAR receptors into patient's autologous T cells. CAR receptors are fusion proteins capable of recognising tumour antigens and activating lymphocyte T response. CAR receptors comprise of five typical domains: antigen-binding domain, extracellular spacer, transmembrane domain, signaling domain and costimulatory domain. Each of them has a specific function and affects how the CAR receptor and CAR-T cell therapy performs. Production of CAR-T cells is done in multiple steps. First, patient’s allogenic lymphocytes T are taken from his blood, then they are activated and transformed with CAR receptor gene, expanded and returned into the patient’s blood in a form of an infusion. After the infusion, the cells continue to proliferate in the patient and perform their function of attacking and killing tumour cells. Alongside the initial big success of the therapy for leukemias, there are some severe side effects of the therapy that need to be addressed. The biggest issues are cytokine release syndrome and on-target off tumour toxicities. Various solutions for the problems have arisen. The main two strategies are the use of suicide mechanisms that induce apoptosis in CAR-T cells when inductor molecule is administered, and the use of a combination of CAR receptors that is capable of distinguishing between heathy and cancerous cells.
Secondary keywords: biotechnology;immunotherapy;cell therapy;lymphocytes T;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Študij biotehnologije
Pages: VI, 20 str.
ID: 10958081