Povečanje pestrosti vrtnin za vzgojo v rastlinjaku

diplomsko delo

Nina Škufca (Author), Ana Slatnar (Mentor)

Abstract

Okoljski dejavniki velikokrat ne omogočajo pridelovanja vrtnin na prostem, zato se na območjih, kjer klima ni najbolj ugodna in predvsem v jesenskih, zimskih in spomladanskih mesecih pridelava seli v zavarovane prostore. Pri pridelavi vrtnin v zavarovanem prostoru prevladuje pridelava plodovk, ki za uspešno gojenje potrebujejo višje temperature. Monokulturna pridelava v rastlinjakih vodi do vse večjega pojava bolezni in škodljivcev in degradacije tal. Osrednji namen naloge je predstaviti, kako z uvedbo manj znanih vrtnin, primernih za gojenje v zavarovanem prostoru, z uvedbo pridelovanja mešanih posevkov ter upoštevanjem kolobarja, izboljšamo pridelovalne možnosti in konkurenčnost pridelave. Genska variabilnost znotraj vrste je zelo pomembna, vendar veliko pridelovalcev in potrošnikov še vedno prisega na lokalne, avtohtone sorte. Znanje o žlahtnjenju je omogočilo razvoj novih sort, ki so bolj prilagojene na današnje pridelovalne razmere, hkrati pa ohranjajo lastnosti starih. Pri vrstenju vrtnin so potrebne kombinacije različnih vrst, saj se s tem se zmanjša možnost prenosa bolezni in škodljivcev. Pri vmesnih posevkih je potrebno paziti na antagoniste, na to, da rastline ne omejujejo rasti druga drugi in nemalo drugih dejavnikov. Pridelovalcem je potrebno nazorno predstaviti možnosti in rešitve, ki jih lahko uporabijo pri pridelavi v rastlinjakih. Pestrost oziroma raznovrstnost prinaša večji nabor pridelkov ter manjše tveganje za pridelovalca, saj je v bolj pestrih agroekosistemih lažje nadzorovati bolezni in škodljivce. Hkrati s takim načinom pridelovanja lahko zagotovimo bolj varno hrano za končnega potrošnika, s strani pridelovalca pa izboljšamo ekonomiko pridelovanja in izničimo ali vsaj omilimo negativne posledice večletnega pridelovanja na istem mestu.

Keywords

rastlinjaki;manj znane vrtnine;vmesni posevki;privabilni posevki;kolobar;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[N. Škufca]
UDC:	631.544.4:635.918(043.2)
COBISS:	9024633
Views:	693
Downloads:	192
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Increase in diversity of greenhouse-grown vegetables
Secondary abstract:	Environmental factors often prevent the open-field growing methods of horticultural crops. Consequently, the growing, especially in autumn, winter and spring months, is moved to the greenhouses. By growing in greenhouses predominates the growing of fruiting vegetables - they need higher temperatures to be grown successfully. Single-crop farming in greenhouses leads to the occurrence of diseases, pests and soil degradation. The main purpose of this dissertation is to show how the growing can be improved by introduction of less familiar vegetables, by growing of mixed crops, and by considering the rotational crops. Genetic variety within one species is very important, but many agriculturalists and consumers still favor local and native species. The knowledge of refinement has enabled the growth of new varieties of plants, which are more adapted to present cultivation conditions, but still maintain the characteristics of the old ones. By rotational crops combinations of different plant species are needed, so the possibility of disease transmission and pests is reduced. By intermediate crops we should observe the antagonists and many other factors, so the plants do not limit the growth of each other. Growers should be clearly introduced the possibilities and solutions, which can be used by growing in greenhouses. The diversity generates wider range of crops and lower risk for growers, because it is easier to control diseases and pests in more varied agroecosystems. With that kind of growing we can assure healthier food for final costumer and, from the grower’s side, improve economics of production and neutralize or at least alleviate the negative consequences of cultivation over several years at the same place.
Secondary keywords:	greenhouses;less familiar vegetable;intercropping;trap cropping;crop rotation;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages:	VI, 20 str.
ID:	10958763