diplomsko delo
Jure Ferlin (Author), Matej Vidrih (Mentor)

Abstract

Drevesno-pašna raba (DPR) je po vsem svetu razširjen sistem kmetijsko-gozdarske pridelave, ki na isti površini združuje drevesa, travno rušo in rejne živali. Vzpostavimo ga lahko z redčenjem sestoja lesnate vegetacije ali s sajenjem dreves na obstoječi pašnik. To ni nenadzorovana paša živali v gozdu, temveč gre za zapleten sistem rabe kmetijskih zemljišč. Paša domačih živali mora potekati nadzorovano, zemljišče mora biti ograjeno in pregrajeno na čredinke. Te so živalim na voljo kratek čas (ob visoki gostoti zasedbe), nato pa jih premestimo v naslednjo čredinko, da se ruša obraste. S pravilnim vodenjem nadzorovane paše se izognemo negativnim posledicam ter veliko pridobimo s prednostmi drevesno-pašne rabe zemljišč. Živali se poleti zaradi dreves na pašniku v senci dobro počutijo. Kadar živali tudi prezimujemo na prostem, jim drevesa nudijo zaščito pred vetrom ter padavinami. Izločki živali, ki poskrbijo za pestrejšo travno rušo, ugajajo tudi izbranim drevesnim vrstam. Te lahko gojimo dovolj na redko, da pride svetloba do travne ruše. Drevje je koristno za pridobivanje lesa, sadja ali celo listov nekaterih vrst, kar služi kot dopolnilna krma za živali. V Sloveniji imamo veliko območij z omejenimi možnostmi za kmetijsko dejavnost, ki so primerna za vzpostavitev DPR. Še posebej to velja za zaraščena oziroma opuščena kmetijska zemljišča, ki jih lahko s pomočjo drevesno-pašne rabe oživimo za ponovno kmetijsko uporabo in rešimo pred dokončno preobrazbo v gozd.

Keywords

zaraščanje zemljišč;drevesa;travna ruša;rejne živali;paša;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [J. Ferlin]
UDC: 636.083.314:631.585(043.2)
COBISS: 9032057 Link will open in a new window
Views: 744
Downloads: 225
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Silvopastoral use of farm land
Secondary abstract: Silvopastoralism (the main agroforestry land management system) is a practice that is used in many parts of the world to combine livestock, trees, and forage. Silvopasture can be established in two ways: trees can be introduced into a pasture or forages can be introduced into a thinned forest. Silvopasturing means more than simply fencing livestock in the woods. Successful silvopastoralism requires active and intensive management, mainly to ensure that grazing areas are controlled, rotated and that there are long rest and recovery periods between grazings. That’s what distinguishes silvopastoralism from woodland grazing of the past with its relatively unmanaged, prolonged access by animals and its negative effects. If done correctly, silvopastoralism can be a mutually beneficial arrangement. Livestock keep undergrowth in check while enjoying the dappled shade and comfortable temperatures provided by the trees. Both the pasture and the trees benefit from the free manure, which promotes the growth of nutritious and varied forage. In silvopastoral systems we can grow trees for any use or product (nuts, timber, fruit) and include livestock, as long as the trees are spaced to let in enough light for grass sward to grow. In Slovenia there are many suitable regions for silvopastoral use, specially those situated in less favourable areas.
Secondary keywords: land abandonment;trees;grass sward;livestock;grazing;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages: VI, 20 str.
ID: 10959423