diplomsko delo
Manca Svetina (Author), Zlata Luthar (Mentor)

Abstract

Monoklonska protitelesa so največja skupina bioloških zdravil. Trenutno se uporabljajo pri zdravljenju rakavih obolenj, vnetnih in kardiovaskularnih boleznih, različnih okužbah, boleznih dihal, oftalmoloških boleznih ter pri transplantacijah organov. Za vsako zdravljenje so potrebni veliki odmerki dragih monoklonskih protiteles, ki jih trenutni proizvodni sistemi kmalu ne bodo več sposobni proizvesti. Večjo količino protiteles bi lahko pridobili z rastlinskimi proizvodnimi sistemi. Proizvodnja monoklonskih protiteles v rastlinah ima nekaj prednosti pred obstoječimi sistemi: je zelo prilagodljiva, hitra, poceni, globalno dostopna in ne predstavlja tveganja za okužbo z živalskimi patogeni. Za urejanje genoma in vključevanja novih lastnosti v rastline so na voljo obstoječe metode genskega inženiringa in nova učinkovita orodja, kot so: ZFNs, TALENs in CRISPR/Cas9. Izražanje monoklonskih protiteles v rastlinah dosežemo s stabilno transformacijo ali z začasno ekspresijo. Prva protitelesa so pridobili iz transgenih rastlin tobaka (Nicotiana tabacum L). Za uspešno prihodnjo uporabo so v transgenih rastlinah že proizvedli protitelesa, namenjena zdravljenju virusnih okužb (HIV, ebola, virus zahodnega Nila, junin virus, respiratorni sincicij virus in virus stekline), bakterijskih okužb (antraks, botulizem) in bolezni raka. Nekaj monoklonskih protiteles, sintetiziranih v transgenih rastlinah je že na različnih razvojnih stopnjah, vendar še nobeno ni v široki uporabi oziroma na farmacevtskem trgu.

Keywords

genski inženiring;transgen;gensko spremenjene rastline;sinteza;terapevtiki;monoklonska protitelesa;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [M. Svetina]
UDC: 606:61:602.6:582:615.322(043.2)
COBISS: 9036921 Link will open in a new window
Views: 951
Downloads: 191
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies production in transgenic plants
Secondary abstract: Monoclonal antibodies are the largest class of biopharmaceuticals. They are currently utilized in therapies for cancer, inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, various infections, respiratory diseases, ophthalmologic diseases and organ transplantations. For each treatment, we need large amounts of expensive monoclonal antibodies, which the current production systems soon won’t be able to produce. However, we could acquire a large number of antibodies with plant production systems. Production of monoclonal antibodies in plants has some advantages over the already existing systems: it is very adaptable, fast, cheap, globally accessible and does not pose a threat for an animal pathogen infection. For editing genome and integrating new properties into the plants the existing methods of genetic engineering and new efficient tools, like for example ZFNs, TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 are available. We can achieve the expression of the monoclonal antibodies in plants with stable transformation or with transient (temporary) expression. The first plant antibodies were obtained from transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L). For a successful usage of the transgenic plants in the future, the monoclonal antibodies for treating viral infections (human immunodeficiency virus, Ebola virus, West Nile virus, Junin virus, respiratory syncytial virus and rabies), bacterial infections (anthrax, botulism) and cancerous diseases were produced inside them. Some of the monoclonal antibodies synthesized in the transgenic plants are already at variable development stages, but none of them are in wide-range use or on the pharmaceutical market.
Secondary keywords: genetic engineering;transgen;genetically modified plants;synthesis;therapeutics;monoclonal antibodies;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages: VIII, 20 str.
ID: 10959426