Zavrnitev unovčitve neodvisne bančne garancije - analiza slovenske sodne prakse

magistrsko delo

Frane Krpina (Author), Vesna Kranjc (Mentor)

Abstract

Magistrsko delo obravnava institut neodvisne bančne garancije kot enega izmed novejših pravnih institutov na področju zavarovanja pogodbenih obveznosti. Posebnost neodvisne bančne garancije, znane tudi kot neakcesorna bančna garancija, bančna garancija na prvi poziv, bančna garancija brez ugovora ali stand-by akreditiv, je njena abstraktnost glede na temeljno razmerje med naročnikom in upravičencem iz bančne garancije. V pravni teoriji razmejitev med odvisno in neodvisno bančno garancijo ne povzroča večjih dvomov, problematika se pokaže šele ob vsakodnevni uporabi med pogodbenimi strankami. V magistrskem delu je skozi obsežno sodno prakso slovenskih sodišč analizirano, kdaj je mogoče govoriti o neodvisni naravi in kdaj bančna garancija ohranja svojo neodvisnost kljub pogojem dokumentarne narave. Napačna, dvomljiva in površna vsebina bančne garancije lahko pri ugotavljanju privede sodišča do drugačnih zaključkov in tako do napačne opredelitve pravne narave. Institut bančne garancije bankam in drugim finančnim institucijam, kot izdajateljem, omogoča zavrnitve pri unovčitvah bančnih garancij. Zavrnitev unovčitve je možna v primeru neizpolnjevanja predpisanih pogojev ali zaradi zlorabe pravic. Iz sodnih odločb je mogoče ugotoviti, da je večina zahtevkov zavrnjena zaradi napačne ali pomanjkljive predložitve predpisanih pogojev. Če je zavrnitev zaradi neizpolnjevanja predpisanih pogojev dokaj očitna in bankam naj ne bi povzročala težav, pa to ne velja glede zlorabe pravic. Pri ugotavljanju zlorab banke s težavo presojajo neupravičene zahtevke zaradi premalo relevantih podatkov, zato niso naklonjene zavrnitvam in jih večinoma izpolnijo. Iz navedenega sledi ugotovitev, da se z neupravičenimi zahtevki lažje spopadajo naročniki bančnih garancij s pomočjo izdanih začasnih odredb.

Keywords

neodvisna bančna garancija;naročnik bančne garancije;upravičenec bančne garancije;banka garant;dokumentarni pogoji;zavrnitev;unfair calling;zloraba bančne garancije;začasna odredba;magistrska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM PF - Faculty of Law
Publisher:	F. Krpina]
UDC:	347.768(043.3)
COBISS:	5641771
Views:	1167
Downloads:	209
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Refusal to redeem an independent bank guarantee - analysis of slovenian case law
Secondary abstract:	This master thesis discusses the independent bank guarantee as one of the more recent legal institutes in the field of insurance contractual obligations. The independent bank guarantee, also known as a non-cash bank guarantee, a bank guarantee at first call, a bank guarantee without a stand-by or stand-by letter of credit, is special in its abstract nature in relation to the fundamental relationship between the client and the beneficiary of the bank guarantee. The delimitation between a dependent and independent bank guarantee does not cause much doubt in legal theory. The problem is only revealed in the day-to-day use between the parties. With the help of the extensive case law of the Slovenian courts, this master thesis analysis when it is possible to talk about its independent nature and when a bank guarantee maintains its independence despite the conditions of a documentary nature. The incorrect, dubious and superficial content of a bank guarantee may lead courts to different conclusions in determining it, and consequently to the wrong definition of its legal nature. The bank guarantee enables banks and other financial institutions, such as the issuers, to refuse to make bank guarantees. The rejection of redemption is possible in the event of non-compliance with the pre-agreed conditions or abuse of rights. It can be concluded from the judgements that most of the claims are rejected due to the incorrect or inadequate submission of the conditions. The refusal due to non-compliance with the conditions is blatantly obvious and does not give rise to any problems for the banks, but this is not the case with regard to the abuse of rights. In identifying abuses, banks are not able to assess unjustified claims due to insufficient relevant data and therefore do not favour their refusals, but generally tend to fulfil them. It can be concluded that unwarranted claims are easier for bidders of bank guarantees to deal with through the issuing of interim measures.
Secondary keywords:	independent bank guarantee;guarantor;beneficiary;guarantor bank;documentary condicitons;refusal;unfair calling;abuse of bank guarantee;temporary injunction.;
URN:	URN:SI:UM:
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Pravna fak.
Pages:	34 f.
ID:	10959476