diplomsko delo
Ana Škerjanec (Author), Nina Kacjan-Maršić (Mentor)

Abstract

Glukozinolati so bioaktivne snovi, ki se nahajajo v rastlinah iz družine križnic (Brassicaceae). Pri poškodbi rastlinskega tkiva se aktivira sistem gluzinolat-mirozinaza, ki deluje kot obrambni mehanizem rastline. Razgradni produkti kot so izotiocianati so lahko toksični za nekatere patogene in škodljivce. Nasprotno temu, pa imajo produkti hidrolize lahko nekaj pozitivnih učinkov na zdravje človeka, saj zmanjšujejo tveganje za nastanek nekaterih vrst raka in imajo antioksidativno delovanje ter preprečujejo razvoj kardio-vaskularnih bolezni in diabetesa. Glukozinolati imajo vlogo tudi pri zatiranju različnih vrst plevelov, kar lahko prispeva k zmanjšanju uporabe sintetičnih herbicidov. Na vsebnost glukozinolatov v rastlinah vpliva več različnih dejavnikov okolja. Da bi dosegli čim večjo produkcijo bioaktivnih snovi, moramo te dejavnike upošteva pri pridelavi zelenjave iz družine križnic. Na vsebnost glukozinolatov v križnicah vplivajo vrsta in sorta, izpostavljenost škodljivcem in patogenom, starost oziroma razvojna faza rastline ter tekmovalnost z drugimi rastlinskimi vrstami. Koncentracija glukozinolatov je odvisna tudi od različnih klimatskih faktorjev kot so temperatura, dostopnost vode, svetloba, letni časi in onesnažila. Na količino glukozinolatov v rastlinah vpliva razpoložljivost hranil v tleh in gnojenje, namakanje, način pridelovanja in še nekatere druge agronomske prakse.

Keywords

vrtnine;križnice;Brassicaceae;glukozinolati;sekundarni metaboliti;tehnologija pridelovanja;okoljski dejavniki;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [A. Škerjanec]
UDC: 582.683.2:635.3:631.524:547.99(043.2)
COBISS: 9034105 Link will open in a new window
Views: 698
Downloads: 249
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂcontent and composition of glucosinolates in vegetables of the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae) in terms to the environmental factors and cultivation methods
Secondary abstract: Glucosinolates are bioactive substances found in cruciferous plants (Brassicaceae). When injury to the plant tissue occurs, the glucosinolate-mirosynase system is activated and acts as a defensive mechanism of the plant. Degradation products such as isothiocyanates may be toxic for certain pathogens and pests. On the contrary, hydrolysis products may have some positive effects on human health, because they exhibit may reduce the risk of certain cancers and act as antioxidant. They also prevent cardio-vascular diseases and diabetes. Glucosinolates also play a role in controlling various types of weeds, which can contribute to reduced the use of synthetic herbicides. The level of glucosinolates in plants is influenced by several environmental factors. In order to achive the highest production of bioactive substances, these factors must be taken into account in the production of cruciferous plants. The content of glucosinolates in cruciferous plants is influenced by species and variety, exposure to pests and pathogens, age or delevelopment phase of the plant, and competitiveness with other plant species. The concentration of glucosinolates depends also on various climate factors, such as temperature, accesibility of water, sunlight, season and pollutants. The level of glucosinolates in plants is furthermore affected by the availability of nutrients and fertilization, irrigation, cultivation methods and some other agronomic practices.
Secondary keywords: vegetables;cruciferous plants;glucosinolates;secondary metabolites;cultivation methods;environmental factors;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages: VI, 18 str.
ID: 10960812