diplomsko delo
Maša Plečnik (Author), Tatjana Pirman (Reviewer), Gorazd Avguštin (Mentor), Lijana Fanedl (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Kmetijstvo, tako v Sloveniji kot v svetu, pomembno prispeva k izpustom metana. Metan nastaja v vampu rastlinojedih živali v procesu hidrogenotrofne metanogeneze, ki jo izvajajo metanogene arheje. Te kot substrat za nastanek CH4 izkoriščajo H2 in CO2. V zadnjih desetletjih so raziskovalci objavili rezultate mnogih raziskav s področja metanogeneze in metanogenih arhej, predvsem zaradi emisij CH4 iz prežvekovalcev. Ti namreč prispevajo velik delež vseh globalnih emisij CH4, in tako pomembno prispevajo k učinku tople grede. Metanogeneza in izrigavanje CH4 pa sočasno za žival predstavljata neto izgubo energije, ki jo je žival pridobila s krmo. Poznamo več rodov in vrst vampovih metanogenih arhej, največji delež jih sodi v družino Methanobacteriaceae. Nekatere živijo prosto v vampovem soku, druge v simbiozah z vampovimi praživalmi ali glivami. Obstaja več možnih načinov, s katerimi lahko zaviramo nastajanje CH4 v vampu. Zaviramo lahko bodisi reakcije v katerih kot stranski produkt H2 nastaja, bodisi s pospeševanjem reakcij pri katerih se H2 porablja. To lahko med drugim dosežemo z dodajanjem različnih krmnih dodatkov v krmo, z defaunacijo, z vakcinacijo proti metanogenim arhejam, itd. V praksi, zaenkrat, najbolj učinkovito metanogenezo zavira dodajanje krmnih antibiotikov, ki pa so v EU od leta 2006 prepovedani, zato raziskovalci pospešeno iščejo možne alternative.

Keywords

živinoreja;ekologija;metan;krmni dodatki;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [M. Plečnik]
UDC: 636.2.084/.087:502/504(043.2)
COBISS: 4130440 Link will open in a new window
Views: 813
Downloads: 274
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Examining the impact of feed additives on microbes involved in methane production in cattle digestive tract
Secondary abstract: Agriculture, both in Slovenia and globally, significantly contributes to methane emissions. Methane is produced in the rumen in a process called hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, performed by methanogenic archaea. They utilize H2 and CO2 to form CH4. In the last decades, researchers have published many studies focused on methanogenesis and methanogenic archaea, foremost due to CH4 emissions from ruminants. These contribute substantially to global CH4 emission and thus to the greenhouse effect. Furthermore, the methanogenesis and the eructation of the CH4 represent a loss of feed energy for the host animal. Several genera and species of the methanogenic archaea are known. Most of them belong to the family Methanobacteriaceae. Some live freely in the rumen fluid while other participate in symbiosis with rumen protozoa or fungi. Several ways are known for the mitigation of ruminal methane production. These include either inhibition of H2-producing reactions or promotion of H2-utilizing reactions. Both can be achieved by addition of various feed additives to the feed, with defaunation, with vaccination against methanogenic archaea, etc. The most effective way for reducing methanogenesis is the addition of feed antibiotics, which are banned in EU since 2006, however this is the reason for the extensive search for possible alternatives.
Secondary keywords: animal breeding;ecology;methane;feed aditives;
Type (COBISS): Diploma project paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za zootehniko
Pages: VIII, 22 str.
ID: 10960845