Spolna biologija črne vdove

magistrsko delo

Rok Golobinek (Author), Rok Kostanjšek (Reviewer), Simona Kralj-Fišer (Mentor), Simona Kralj-Fišer (Thesis defence commission member), Matjaž Gregorič (Thesis defence commission member), Rok Kostanjšek (Thesis defence commission member), Primož Zidar (Thesis defence commission member), Matjaž Gregorič (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V nalogi podrobneje predstavimo spolno biologije črne vdove, Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, ki živi na Balkanu, ter preverjamo prisotnost nekaterih za rod značilnih paritvenih vedenj. Vsa vedenja smo tudi kvantificirali. Prav tako smo iskali individualne razlike v agresivnosti tako pri samcih kot samicah in povezave med agresivnostjo samice do plena in spolnim kanibalizmom. Poskusili smo tudi najti podporo za hipotezo »prelite samičine agresije«. Vse našteto smo preverjali v standardiziranih vedenjskih poskusih za osebnost posameznega spola ter na koncu v paritvenih poskusih. Vrsti smo pripisali tri zanjo še neznana vedenja. Ta so odlaganje samčeve pajčevine na samičino mrežo, uničevanje samičine mreže ter oralni spolni kontakt. Pokazali smo, da so individualne razlike v agresivnosti prisotne pri samcih, a ne samicah, ter da bistveno vplivajo na pojavnost spolnega kanibalizma. Agresivnejši samci so se parili prej, pogosteje ter dlje, agresivnost pa je povezana tudi z aktivnostjo samcev. Samice so pogosteje napadale manj aktivne samce. Po pričakovanjih hipoteze prelivanja agresivnosti nismo potrdili, za pojavnost spolnega kanibalizma pa predlagamo samičino kontroliranje paritev, bodisi zaradi preprečevanja monopolizacije ali v prid genetske heterogenosti zaroda.

Keywords

črna vdova;spolni kanibalizem;vedenje;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[R. Golobinek]
UDC:	595.44(043.2)
COBISS:	4927311
Views:	726
Downloads:	186
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Mating biology of a black widow spider
Secondary abstract:	In this work, we presented a detailed description of the mating biology of the blackwidow Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, native to the Balkans, and invesigeted some of the genus -specific mating behaviours . All observed behaviours were also quantified. Additionally, we searched for individual differences in aggression in both males and females and looked for a connection between female aggression towards prey and sexual cannibalism. We attempted to find support for the “aggressive spill over hypothesis”. All of the above was tested in behavioural personality trials, standardized for each sex and finally ending in a mating trial. We described three so far unobserved behaviours for this species, includingmale silk deposition on the female web, destruction of the female web by the male and oral sexual encounters. We showed that individual differences in aggression are indeed present in males, but not females, and that they do have an impact on the occurrence of sexual cannibalism. More aggressive males mated sooner, more often, longer and were generally more active. Females also attacked less active males more often. As expected, we found no evidence supporting the “aggressive spill over hypothesis”, which suggests that sexual cannibalism is the females’ way of controlling copulations, whether it be to prevent monopolization or to promote heterogeneity in offspring.
Secondary keywords:	black widow;sexual dimorphism;behaviour;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. Ljubljana, Biotehniška fak.
Pages:	X, 44, [1] f.
ID:	10962175