diplomsko delo
Kristina Durić (Author), Raja Dahmane (Reviewer), Robert Sotler (Mentor), Špela Plesec (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Svetovno prebivalstvo se po statističnih podatkih stara. Zaradi tega se vedno bolj veča število bolezni, ki se najpogosteje razvijejo v starostni dobi oziroma po 65 letu starosti. Ena izmed teh je tudi demenca. Demenca je sindrom, za katerim vsako leto trpi vedno večji odstotek prebivalstva. Dejstvo, da se demence ne da ozdraviti in ker zaenkrat še ni točno znano zakaj nastane, predstavlja velik javnozdravstveni problem, saj v svojih končnih stadijih močno vpliva na kvaliteto življenja pacientov. Ravno zaradi tega je potrebno raziskovati in poskusiti ugotoviti čim več dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na sam začetek razvoja demence. Z že znanim stanjem pooperativnega kognitivnega upada, ki nastane najpogosteje po operacijah pod splošno anestezijo, lahko pomislimo, da je prav ta lahko eden izmed razlogov, da se demenca razvije ali pa se hitreje razvije. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti morebitno povezavo med splošno anestezijo in nastankom ali razvojem demence. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo je nastalo s pomočjo deskriptivne metode dela s pregledom domače in tuje literature. Uporabljeni so bili članki, ki so bili mlajši od 5 let, da smo vključili najnovejše ugotovitve s tega področja, izbrali pa smo tudi nekaj starejših za teoretični del diplomskega dela. Literaturo smo iskali s pomočjo podatkovnih baz, kot so CINAHL, ScienceDirect in PubMed, pomagali pa smo si tudi s spletnim brskalnikom Google učenjak, strokovnimi knjigami pridobljenimi v Mestni knjižni Kranj, ter s podatki Statističnega urada Republike Slovenije, ki so dostopni na internetu. Uporabili smo 35 virov literature in sicer 19 strokovnih člankov, 9 dokumentov s podatki statističnih uradov in zdravstvenih organizacij, specialistično nalogo, publikacijo, Slovar slovenskega knjižnjega jezika, 3 knjige in dokument s podatki aktivnosti v zdravstveni negi. Razprava in zaključek: Pri analiziranju podatkov, ki smo jih dobili s pomočjo člankov o raziskavah narejenih na temo splošne anestezije in demence, smo prišli do zaključka, da na vprašanje, ali splošna anestezija lahko vpliva na nastanek in razvoj demence zaenkrat ni mogoče odgovoriti. Splošna anestezija zaenkrat v zdravstvu ne velja za enega izmed mogočih dejavnikov za nastanek in razvoj demence, saj na to temo še ni bilo narejeno dovolj raziskav, da bi temu dokazali nasprotno. Raziskave, ki smo jih prebirali so imele različne ugotovitve. Nekatere so s pomočjo večletnega spremljanja oseb prišle do zaključka, da je demenca pogostejša pri tistih, ki so imeli operacijo pod splošno anestezijo, nekatere pa, da ne. Zato trenutno na podlagi raziskav, ki jih imamo, ne moremo dokazati povezave. Pomembno je, da se raziskuje tudi na drugačen način, ne samo s pomočjo anketiranja, na primer z vključevanjem biokemijskih raziskav ter mnenj in izvidov zdravstvenih delavcev s področja psihiatrije, geriatrije in anesteziologije. Nekatere raziskave so pokazale, da anestetiki vplivajo na možgane in celice, ki igrajo pomembno nalogo pri nastanku demence. Treba je spodbujati raziskave s tega področja in poskusiti ugotoviti čim več možnih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na razvoj demence, ter s tem morebitno zmanjšati vedno večje število pacientov, ki trpi za tem sindromom.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;kognitivni upad;Alzheimerjeva bolezen;postoperativna kognitivna disfunkcija;anestetiki;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [K. Durić]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5501803 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Possible impact of general anesthesia on the progression of dementia
Secondary abstract: Introduction: According to statistics, the population in the world is getting older. As a result, the number of diseases that are most commonly developed in the age of 65 and more increases. One of those is also dementia. Dementia is a syndrome, from which more and more people suffer every year. Due to the fact that dementia cannot be cured and for the time being it is not yet known exactly why it occurs, it is a major public health problem since it has a strong influence on the patients’ quality of life in its final stages. Because of this it is necessary to investigate and try to identify as many factors as possible affecting the onset of the development of dementia. With the already known state postoperative cognitive decline, which occurs most commonly after surgeries under general anaesthesia, it can be thought that this may be one of the reasons for the development of dementia or acceleration of its development. Purpose: The purpose of the bachelor’s thesis is to determine the possible link between general anaesthesia and the onset / development of symptoms of dementia. Methods: The bachelor’s thesis was written using a descriptive work method with a overview of foreign and domestic literature. Articles used were less than 5 years old so that we were able to include the latest findings in this field but we also selected some older literature for the theoretical part of the bachelor’s thesis. We used databases such as CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and web browser Google scholar, professional books, obtained in the City Library of Kranj, data of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, which are accessible on the Internet. We used 35 sources of literature, 19 of which were professional articles, 9 documents with data of statistical offices and health organizations, specialistic work, a publication, a Slovene language dictionary, 3 books and a document containing information on health care activities. Discussion and conclusion: Analysing the data obtained with the help of research articles on general anaesthesia and dementia, we have come to the conclusion that the question of whether general anesthesia can affect the onset and development of dementia cannot be answered at the moment. General anaesthesia is currently not considered as one of the possible factors for the emergence and development of dementia, as we do not have enough research to prove otherwise. The research we have read have had different findings. In some research where they have been examining people for years, came to the conclusion that dementia is more common in those who had surgery under general anaesthesia and in some that it is not. Therefore, currently, on the basis of the research we have, we cannot prove that there is a connection. It is important that it is also explored in a different way, not only through surveying, for example by integrating biochemical research and the opinions and findings of health professionals in the field of psychiatry, geriatrics and anesthesiology. Some studies have shown that anaesthetics affect the brain and cells that play an important role in the development of dementia. It is necessary to encourage research in this field and try to identify as many possible factors that affect the development of dementia as possible, and thus to reduce the increasing number of patients suffering from the syndrome.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;cognitive decline;Alzheimer's disease;postoperative cognitive dysfunction;anaesthetics;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 29 str., [1] str. pril.
ID: 10962521