magistrsko delo
Mojca Lokar (Author), Andreja Kvas (Reviewer), Ruža Pandel Mikuš (Mentor), Irena Sedej (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Glede na raziskave in življenjske izkušnje je znano, da se pri starostnikih, oziroma v življenjskem obdobju po 65. letu starosti, telesna sestava spremeni. V povezavi s tem se spreminja tudi telesna moč in vzdržljivost ter odpornost na različne bolezni. Telesna sestava je poleg evolucijskih sprememb odvisna tudi od življenjskega sloga, od prehrane, primerne hidracije in telesne dejavnosti. Namen: Z raziskavo smo želeli ugotoviti stanje prehranjenosti oseb, starih 65 let in več, ki so stanovalci Doma starejših občanov. Metode dela: Z deskriptivno metodo smo pregledali študije, ki so bile že opravljene, in njihove rezultate. Opravili smo raziskavo, v katero so bili vključeni pokretni stanovalci izbranega Doma starejših občanov, vsi starejši od 65 let. Vzorec je bil 50 preiskovancev. Opravili smo meritve telesne višine, telesne teže, indeks telesne teže ter analizo sestave telesa glede vsebnosti maščobnega tkiva in puste telesne mase. Udeležence v raziskavi smo testirali tudi s standardiziranima vprašalnikoma, ki merita ogroženost za podhranjenost. Uporabili smo dva vprašalnika: Mini prehranski pregled 1, ki je presejalni, in Mini prehranski pregled 2, ki daje pregled stanja, seštevek točk iz obeh vprašalnikov pa opredeljuje podhranjenost. Rezultati: Testiranje preiskovancev z obema vprašalnikoma je pokazalo, da je 13 preiskovancev (26 %) prehransko ogroženih za podhranjenost, 4 preiskovanci (8 %) pa je podhranjenih. Po indeksu telesne mase – body mass indeksu (BMI), ni bil nobeden od preiskovancev v območju podhranjenosti, BMI pod 18,5. V območju zdrave telesne mase, BMI 18,5 – 25 je bilo 11 preiskovancev (22 %), v območju zvečane telesne mase – BMI 25 – 30, je bilo 10 oseb (20 %), debelost 1. stopnje – BMI 30 – 35 je imelo 12 preiskovancev (24 %), debelost 2. stopnje, BMI 35 – 40 je bila ugotovljena pri 10 (20 %) osebah, debelost 3. stopnje, BMI 40 in več, pa je bila ugotovljena pri 5 preiskovancih (10 %). Po deležu maščobe nobeden od preiskovancev ni bil v območju nizkega deleža maščobe, 20 preiskovancev (40 %) je bilo v območju zdrave referenčne vrednosti, v območju povišanega deleža maščobe je bilo 15 (30 %) preiskovancev in v območju zamaščenosti, 17 preiskovancev (34 %). 18 preiskovancev (36%) ima visceralno maščobo v okviru zdrave ravni, 32 preiskovancev (64 %), pa ima presežek visceralne maščobe. Po izmerjeni vrednosti hidracije, je bilo 23 (46 %) preiskovancev dehidriranih, 27 preiskovancev (54 %) pa je bilo ustrezno hidriranih. Pri merjenju puste telesne mase, je imelo 10 (20 %) preiskovancev delež puste telesne mase pod priporočljivo vrednostjo, ostalih 40 (80 %) preiskovancev pa so imeli delež puste telesne mase v območju priporočljive vrednosti. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotavljamo, da nobena od naših hipotez ni bila potrjena in da so rezultati pokazali nasprotno sliko. Ocenjujemo da je razlog temu dejstvu, da je vzorec preiskovancev, ki smo ga z raziskavo zajeli, sposoben še sam skrbeti zase, ima neomejen dostop do hrane in pijače in se malo giblje. Ocenjujemo, da bi bilo smiselno narediti raziskavo še na ostalih stanovalcih Doma starejših občanov, ki so pri dnevnih aktivnostih vključno s prehranjevanjem, pitjem in gibanjem, delno ali popolnoma odvisni od osebja.

Keywords

magistrska dela;zdravstvena nega;starostniki;podhranjenost;prehranjenost;dehidriranost;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [M. Lokar]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5510251 Link will open in a new window
Views: 1228
Downloads: 656
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Assessment of the nutritional status of the elderly in a residental home
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Judging by research and life experiences we know for a fact that bodies of older adults (65 years old and more) change their structure. Relatedly — body strength, stamina and immunity change as well. Besides evolutionary changes, body structure is a result of lifestyle, nutrition and body activity. Purpose: With this research we wanted to determine the state of nutritional habits and properties of residents older than 65 years who reside in retirement home. Methods of work: Using a descriptive method we examined existing studies and their results. We conducted a research on residents of the retirement home who are all older than 65 years. The research sample included 50 people. We measured their height, weight, BMI, and analysed their body structure to get percentages of fat and lean mass. We also had them solve two standard questionnaires that measure the chances of malnourishment. We used the screening questionnaire Mini nutritional assesment 1 and the overview questionnaire Mini nutritional assesment 2, where the sum of points defines the chances of malnutrition.Results: Testing using both of the questionnaires showed that 13 subjects (26 %) carry the risk to become malnourished, while 4 subjects (8 %) are malnourished. Judging by BMI, no subject was malnourished (having the BMI under 18.5). 11 subjects (22%) were in a healthy BMI range (18.5 - 25), while 10 subjects (20 %) were were overweight (BMI 25 - 30). 12 (24 %) subjects had 1st stage obesity (BMI 30 - 35) and 12 subjects (24 %) had 2nd stage obesity (BMI 35 - 40). 5 subjects (10 %) had 3rd stage obesity (BMI > 40). No subject had a low fat percentage, 20 subjects (40 %) were in an area of healthy fat percentage values. 15 subjects (30 %) had increased fat percentage and 17 subjects (34 %) had high fat percentage. 18 subjects (36 %) had their visceral fat in healthy ranges, while 32 (64%) had increased visceral fat. When hydration was measured, 23 subjects (46 %) were dehydrated, while 27 subjects (54 %) were sufficiently hydrated. When measuring lean mass, 10 subjects (20 %) had the measure under the recommended value, the other 40 (80 %) had their lean mass in the area of healthy values. Discusion and Conclusion: We discovered that none of our hypotheses got confirmed and that the results showed the opposite. We think the cause for this is how we selected the research sample. The sample was comprised of subjects who can still take care of themselves, have an unlimited access to food and drinks and aren't very active. We think it would make sense to conduct research on other residents as well - the ones who depend on the staff to eat, drink or move around.
Secondary keywords: master's theses;nursing care;elderly;malnutrition;nutritional habits and properties;dehydration;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 62 str., [8] str. pril.
ID: 10975974