Babiški in medicinski pogled na fiziološki porod

diplomsko delo

Anja Ocepek (Author), Robert Sotler (Reviewer), Ana Polona Mivšek (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Ohranjanje normalnega poroda je ključno za zdravje žensk. Vendar pa je v zadnjih dveh stoletjih nadvlada zdravstvenih delavcev nad ženskimi telesi spremenila naravo rojevanja. Fiziološki porod je postal izjema v razvitem svetu. Pojavila sta se dva glavna modela obporodne obravnave. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je pojasniti termin »fiziološki porod«, dve glavni paradigmi obporodne obravnave v svetu ter predstaviti babiški in medicinski pogled na fiziološki porod. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela, kar predstavlja pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature, tako domače kot tuje, povezane s fiziološkim porodom in različnimi modeli obporodne obravnave. Uporabili smo strokovne članke, knjige, zbornike s področja babištva in tudi sociologije. Literaturo smo iskali tudi v podatkovnih bazah Pubmed, CINAHL, DiKul, The Cochrane Collaboration, v kooperativnem bibliografskem sistemu COBISS.SI in na uradnih spletnih straneh priznanih tujih organizacij (naprimer ICM, WHO). Vključeni so bili viri v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, ki so bili izdani v časovnem obdobju od vključno leta 1998 do leta 2018. Dostopno je moralo biti celotno besedilo. Vključitvena merila za literaturo so razvidna in jasna vsebinska povezava s tematiko fiziološkega poroda in različnimi modeli oborodne obravnave. Ustreznih in uporabljenih je bilo 51 virov. Rezultati: Modela obporodne obravnave sta osnovana na profesionalni naravnanosti stroke, torej poklicni filozofiji. Rezultati pregleda literature so pokazali, da je babiški model holističen, kontinuiran, individualen, pri čemer se pričakuje normalno stanje, spodbuja se opolnomočenje ženske in podpira raznolikost. Porod v babiškem modelu predstavlja normalen fiziološki proces. Medicinski model je osredotočen na patološka stanja. Izvajalci z uporabo tehnologije nadzorujejo in upravljajo stanje, vsako odstopanje od normale pomeni patologijo. Pri medicinskem modelu je fiziološki porod možno določiti le retrogradno. Razprava in sklep: Porod ni le del reproduktivnega procesa človeštva, temveč izraža tudi odnos družbe do matere, ploda in žensk na splošno. Kljub temu da babiški model ne opredeljuje le babic in medicinski model ne le zdravnikov, pa lahko strnemo, da so babice usposobljene za fiziološki porod, porodničarji in ginekologi pa za patološkega.

Keywords

diplomska dela;babištvo;fiziološki porod;babiški model;medicinski model;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher:	[A. Ocepek]
UDC:	618.2/.7
COBISS:	5541739
Views:	1352
Downloads:	408
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Midwifery and medical aspect on physiological childbirth
Secondary abstract:	Introduction: Maintaining the process of birth as normal as possible is crucial to the health of women, but in the last two centuries, the medical proceses have become superiror, have prevailed over women's bodies, and changed the nature of birth. Physiological delivery is an exception in the developed world. There are two main models of caregiving in the process of birth. Aim: The purpose of the thesis is to clarify the term "physiological birth", present two main paradigms of post-natal care in the world, and a midwifery and medical view of physiological delivery. Methods: We used the descriptive method of work which is a review of professional and scientific literature, both domestic and foreign, related to physiological birth and various models of care. We used professional articles, books, proceedings in midwifery as well as sociology. We also searched for literature in the Pubmed, CINAHL, DiKul, The Cochrane Collaboration databases, the COBISS.SI co-operative bibliographic system and official websites of recognized foreign organizations (eg ICM, WHO). Sources in Slovene and English language, that were issued over a period of time from 1998 to 2018, were included. One used criteria was also the accessability of full text online. The criteria for literature are also evident clear connections with the subject of physical birth and various models of care. Appropriate and used were 51 sources. Results: The models of post-natal care are based on the professional orientation of the medical discipline, i.e. professional philosophy. The results of the literature review show that the midwifery model is holistic, continuous, individual, determinates delivery as a normal state, promotes empowerment of women and supports diversity. Midwifery model represents delivery as a normal physiological process. The medical model is focused on the pathological conditions where operators use technology to control and manage the pathological state; any deviation from normal means pathology. In the medical model physiological childbirth was determined as retrograde. Discussion an conclusion: Birth is not only a part of the reproductive process of humanity, but also expresses the attitude of society towards mother, fetus and women in general. Given that the very name of the model doesn't define the person who uses it, we can conclude, that midwives are trained to carry out physiological deliveries, obstetricians and gynecologists are trained to carry out pathological deliveries.
Secondary keywords:	diploma theses;midwifery;physiological childbirth;midwifery model;medical model;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za babištvo
Pages:	31 str.
ID:	10990079