Analiza načinov reje krav dojilj

diplomsko delo

Jože Turk (Author), Aleš Kuhar (Reviewer), Marko Čepon (Mentor), Ajda Kermauner (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Reja krav dojilj sodi med ekonomsko manj učinkovite kmetijske panoge, zato smo si z nalogo zadali cilj, da bi podrobneje obdelali vsa tista področja, s katerimi bi izboljšali gospodarnost reje. Tako smo večji poudarek namenili izbiri pasem, prehrani in načinu reje. Ob pregledu številne literature smo ugotovili, da so britanske mesne pasme v primerjavi s kontinentalnimi pasmami manjše odrasle velikosti, prej spolno dozorijo, imajo manjši potencial rasti, boljšo plodnost, lažje telitve, dosegajo boljšo kakovost mesa in imajo manjši delež čistega mesa. Velika prednost britanskih pasem je zgodnejša spolna zrelost, saj lahko ob primerni vzreji prvič telijo že pri dveh letih starosti. Na priraste telet od rojstva do odstavitve ima večji vpliv pasma bika kot pasma krave. Največje prehranske potrebe krav dojilj se pojavijo v poporodnem obdobju, najmanjše pa v sredini brejosti. Za slovenske razmere je najprimernejša poznozimska oz. zgodnjepomladanska telitvena sezona. Težavnost telitev je najpogosteje odvisna od velikosti okvira terminalne pasme in kondicije krave ob telitvi. Teleta morajo po rojstvu čimprej dobiti mlezivo. Pašna reja krav dojilj je v praksi najpogostejši način reje. Pri prezimovanju na prostem se vzdrževalne potrebe krav in zauživanje krme občutno poveča. Poveča se tudi raztros krme. Hlevska reja krav dojilj se običajno uporablja samo v zimskem času. Teleta bi morali za normalno rast po tretjem mesecu starosti dokrmljevati.

Keywords

govedo;krave;dojilje;reja;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2018
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[J. Turk]
UDC:	636.2(043.2)
COBISS:	4171144
Views:	1474
Downloads:	478
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Analysis of rearing methods for suckler cows
Secondary abstract:	Rearing of suckler cows is considered as one of less efficient agricultural branches. Therefore, our intention was to study in greater detail all those aspects that would improve economy of rearing. We mainly focused on choice of breeds, nutrition and rearing methods. After review of numerous literature we discovered that British beef cattle breeds in comparison with continental European breeds are smaller in mature size, reach sexual maturity earlier, have less growth potential, better fertility, easier calving, have better meat quality and lower percentage of lean meat. The biggest advantage of British breeds is their earlier sexual maturity because they can first calve at two years of age if reared properly. Growth rate of calves from birth to weaning is more influenced by sire breed than cow breed. Nutritional requirements of cows are highest in postpartum period and lowest in the middle of gestation. Optimum calving season in Slovenian conditions is in late winter or early spring. Calving difficulty is usually influenced by mature size of sire breed and fitness of cow at calving. It is important calves get colostrum as soon as possible after birth. Grazing is the most common method of rearing suckler cows. Maintaining requirements and feed intake increase considerably when wintering outdoors. Feed loss increases as well. Indoor rearing is usually only used in wintertime. Creep feeding of calves should be used for their normal growth after they are three months old.
Secondary keywords:	cattle;suckler cows;breeding;
Type (COBISS):	Diploma project paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za zootehniko
Pages:	VIII, 28 str.
ID:	10994482