magistrsko delo
Ana Bovhan (Author), Damjana Kogovšek (Mentor), Jerneja Novšak Brce (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Govor je kompleksna dejavnost, pri kateri sodelujejo možgani, živci in organi, ki izvajajo govorno produkcijo. Pri oblikovanju glasov pri govoru imata izredno pomembno vlogo ustna votlina in jezik. Jezik delimo na konico, telo in koren. Za opazovanje jezika med govorno produkcijo se uporabljajo različne tehnologije. Ena izmed teh je ultrazvok, ki je zelo uporaben za opazovanje in raziskovanje gibov korena jezika. Pri opazovanju govora ali drugih gibov jezika je ultrazvočna sonda nameščena na kožo vratu pod brado in nad grlom. Pridobljeni zvočni valovi, ki potujejo skozi jezik in se na meji med jezikom in zrakom odbijejo nazaj, ustvarijo dvodimenzionalno podobo površine jezika, ki jo na zaslonu opazujemo v obliki video posnetka. Ultrazvok se uporablja v različnih raziskavah kot metoda vizualizacije oblike in gibov jezika med govorom. V logopediji se uporablja za diagnosticiranje in korekcijo težav, saj osebam z motnjo izreke glasov nudi vizualne povratne informacije pri učenju ustrezne izgovorjave glasov. Med drugim se uporablja pri otrocih z apraksijo govora. Otroška govorna apraksija je govorna motnja, pri kateri ima otrok težave z načrtovanjem in/ali programiranjem zaporedja govornih gibov. Cilj magistrskega dela je bil uporabiti ultrazvok in preveriti njegovo uporabnost za izboljšavo izreke glasov /k/ in /g/ v dvozložnih in trozložnih besedah v logopedski obravnavi z dečkom s sumom na otroško govorno apraksijo. Posreden cilj raziskave je spodbuditi uporabo ultrazvoka v logopedski obravnavi v Sloveniji. V empiričnem delu je predstavljena uporaba ultrazvoka v logopedski obravnavi z dečkom s sumom na otroško govorno apraksijo za izboljšanje izgovorjave glasov /k/ in /g/. Prikazani so rezultati preizkusa poimenovanja fotografij. Omenjen preizkus vključuje 20 dvozložnih in 20 trozložnih besed, ki vsebujejo glasova /k/ in /g/. Hkrati je opisan vidik razumljivosti otrokovega govora desetim neizučenim poslušalcem. Rezultati kažejo, da je deček po obravnavi z uporabo ultrazvoka natančneje tvoril izolirana glasova /k/ in /g/, izboljšala se je produkcija glasov /k/ in /g/ v dvozložnih besedah. Napredek pri produkciji glasov /k/ in /g/ v trozložnih besedah in v soglasniških sklopih ni opazen ali je minimalen. Rezultati ocenjevanja razumljivosti govora, ki so jo ocenjevali neizučeni poslušalci, kažejo minimalno izboljšanje razumljivosti. Po izkušnji uporabe ultrazvoka v logopedski obravnavi mi le-ta predstavlja dragocen pripomoček pri obravnavi motenj izreke glasov, saj prikaže gibe jezika, ki jih pri delu pred ogledalom ne moremo opaziti. Logopedu pomaga pri diagnosticiranju otrokove govorne produkcije, otroku pa olajša predstavo, kje leži njegov jezik in kam ga mora premakniti. Upam, da bo ultrazvok v prihodnosti postal pogosteje uporabljen pripomoček v logopedski praksi pri obravnavi motenj izreke glasov.

Keywords

ultrazvok;logopedska obravnava;otroška govorna apraksija;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [A. Bovhan]
UDC: 376.1-056.264(043.2)
COBISS: 12323401 Link will open in a new window
Views: 559
Downloads: 69
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Use of ultrasound in speech therapy with a boy with suspected childhood apraxia of speech
Secondary abstract: Speech is a complex behaviour which icludes cooperation of brain, nerves and speech production organs. The oral cavity and tongue have a crucial role in forming speech sounds. The tongue is divided into three parts: apex, body and root. Various technologies are used for observation of the tongue during speech production. One of those technologies is the ultrasound, which is very useful for observation and research of tongue-root movements. During observation of speech or other tongue movements, an ultrasound probe is placed on the speaker's neck, under the chin and above the larynx. Sound waves traveling through the tongue reflect back towards the probe when they reach the border between the tongue and the air in the oral cavity. This creates a two-dimensional image of the tongue's surface, which is shown on the screen in the form of a video clip. Ultrasound is used in various studies as a visualization technique for observing the shape and movements of the tongue during speech. In speech therapy, it is used to diagnose and correct speech disorders, because it provides clients with visual feedback information when learning proper pronounciation of sounds. It is used in children with childhood apraxia of speech. Childhood apraxia of speech is a speech disorder in which a child has difficulty in planning and/or programming speech movement sequences. The objective of the master's thesis was to use ultrasound and verify its usefulness for improving production of the speech sounds /k/ and /g/ in two- and three-syllable words in speech and language therapy with a boy with suspected childhood apraxia of speech. The indirect objective of the research is to encourage the use of ultrasound in speech and language therapy in Slovenia. The empirical part presents the use of ultrasound in speech and language therapy with a boy with suspected childhood apraxia of speech, to improve production of speech sounds /k/ and /g/. It presents the results of the photo naming test. The test includes 20 two-syllable and 20 three-syllable words containing speech sounds /k/ and /g/. At the same time, the aspect of the intelligibility of the child's speech to ten untrained listeners is described. After the ultrasound treatment, the boy produced the isolated sounds /k/ and /g/ more precisely, and his production of sounds /k/ and /g/ in two-syllable words improved. Progress was not noticeable or was minimal in the production of sounds /k/ and /g/ in three-syllable words and in consonant clusters. The intelligibility of speech, which was assessed by untrained listeners, shows minimal improvement in intelligibility. Following the experience of using ultrasound in speech therapy, I consider ultrasound a valuable tool in speech sound disorder treatment, since it shows tongue movements which cannot be seen in traditional speech therapy in front of a mirror. It helps the speech therapist to diagnose child's speech production and it helps the child to get the notion of where his tongue is and where he should move it. I hope that in the future the ultrasound will become more commonly used in speech therapy in treatment of speech sound disorders.
Secondary keywords: speech therapy;logopedija;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak., Logopedija in surdopedagogika
Pages: 55 str.
ID: 11024895