Secondary abstract: |
Already in prehistoric times, people have been involved in handcraft activities that have developed and improved throughout history, and are still present today. Handwork and creative activities generally increase the chances of greater creativity, motor skills and have a beneficial effect on well-being. They are present not only in everyday life, but also in school environment and art practice. In the theoretical part, we focused on handwork. We wrote an overview of handwork throughout history following the periods from the prehistoric age to the present. In this context, we described the selected handwork. We paid special attention to the important characteristics of handwork. We also addressed the implementation of handwork into the pedagogical process. In addition, we highlighted the presence of handwork in art practice. We were also interested in the influence of handwork on well-being. In the empirical part, we wanted to determine the situation in the field of dealing with handwork, both from the pupils' perspective and from the teachers' point of view, the people who perform such activities. We were interested, whether pupils in the third educational period are engaged in any handwork, what forms of handwork are present in elementary school, and what is the connection between handwork and pupils' welfare, when engaged in handwork or creation. We also paid attention to teachers, who perform such activities in elementary school. We were interested whether teachers who practice handwork in their spare time, introduce that same subject in school, and in what form. We put an emphasis on the existence of differences in terms of stratum of pupils. The results of the survey questionnaire show, that in the most of the surveyed schools, handwork is present in the form of extracurricular activities. In the suburbs, the share of these activities is higher than in urban schools. In general, pupils are mostly not engaged in handwork. Handcraft activities have a positive effect on pupils' welfare. At the same time, most pupils spend their free time with friends, or are engaged in outdoor activities. It also shows the connection in dealing with handwork and the use of social networks (those engaged in handwork, spend less time on the social networks). Teachers, who practice handwork in their spare time, also perform them in school in most cases, most often in fine arts classes, and some in the form of extracurricular activities. |