doktorska disertacija
Aleksandra Čergan Ristić (Author), Martina Ozbič (Mentor), Katarina Kompan Erzar (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Rojstvo otroka s posebnimi potrebami neizogibno vpliva na spremembo družinske dinamike. Člane družine prisili k iskanju novih vzorcev delovanja, k vzpostavitvi ravnotežja in jim vsiljuje novo vrsto identitete – identiteto invalidnosti. Predmet raziskovanja so tako družine z otroki s posebnimi potrebami, izražanje posebne potrebe v družinski dinamiki s poudarkom na soočanju s posebno potrebo otroka, zadovoljevanje potreb, spremembe obstoječih vlog, soočanje z izzivi in potrebne prilagoditve, doživljanje socialne (iz/v)ključenosti, posluževanje vrst pomoči, potrebna dodatna pomoč in podpora, informiranost glede možnih virov pomoči in podpore, izkušnje zadovoljstva s procesom pomoči in nenazadnje perspektiva procesa pomoči. Družine z otroki s posebnimi potrebami so pri vzpostavitvi ravnovesja ranljive, šibke in nemočne, zato potrebujejo socialno oporo in podporo različnih strokovnih služb. Predmet raziskovanja so tudi strokovni delavci, njihovo razumevanje pojma otroka s posebnimi potrebami, razumevanje potreb družine, vrste pomoči in podpore, ki jo lahko ponudijo, informiranost glede možnih virov v Sloveniji in v tujini, možnosti strokovnega izpopolnjevanja, doživljanje interakcij z družinami in nenazadnje perspektiva za izboljšanje procesa pomoči. V metodologiji smo s kvalitativnim raziskovalnim pristopom in tehniko polstrukturiranega intervjuja izvedli intervjuje z desetimi družinami z otroki s posebnimi potrebami z izkušnjo sodelovanja s strokovnimi službami na področju skrbi ranljivejših družin iz vladnih in nevladnih organizacij ter z desetimi strokovnimi delavci s teh področij. V ta namen smo oblikovali dva različna vprašalnika, posebej za družine in posebej za strokovne delavce. Transkripciji intervjujev je sledilo kodiranje izjav znotraj posameznih faz. Dobljene podatke smo prikazali deskriptivno in v tabelah. Z interpretacijo rezultatov smo poglobili spoznanja o moči rojstva OPP, o konceptu delovnega odnosa pomoči za družine z otroki s posebnimi potrebami ter o perspektivi potreb družine in strokovnih delavcev v procesu pomoči. Ugotavljamo, da trenutna pomoč ne omogoča razreševanja stisk in težav, družine so prezrte, nevidne, neupoštevane, brez zadostnih virov informacij, prilagoditev in podpore, občutijo stigmatizacijo, izključenost, zaradi omejenih finančnih virov so postavljene v neenakovreden položaj z drugimi ter so nezadovoljne s strokovnimi službami. Družine socialno oporo najpogosteje dobijo pri sorodnikih, strokovnih delavcih in prijateljih. Socialnega delavca omenijo kot primer dobre prakse. Strokovni delavci povedo, da nimajo zadovoljivega dodatnega izobraževanja, mreženja med strokovnimi službami in tudi ne dovolj timskega dela. Po njihovih izkušnjah so družine neodzivne, nesodelovalne, pričakujejo takojšnje rešitve, ne spoštujejo dogovorov in presojajo strokovno delo. Na osnovi opravljene raziskave predlagamo dopolnjen, celostni in individualizirani pristop, ki izhaja izključno iz potreb družin z otroki s posebnimi potrebami in zajema sodobne koncepte procesa pomoči, vključno s predlogom izboljšav za lažjo inkluzijo družin z otroki s posebnimi potrebami v družbo. Namen izboljšanja je kakovost in učinkovitost delovanja v družino usmerjenih storitev.

Keywords

interakcije;sobivanje;sorojenci;prilagoditve;procesi pomoči;idealna pomoč;socialne mreže;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization: UL PEF - Faculty of Education
Publisher: [A. Čergan Ristić]
UDC: 364-787.24:159.922.76(043.2)
COBISS: 12450121 Link will open in a new window
Views: 572
Downloads: 136
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: The helping process based on the needs of families with children with special needs
Secondary abstract: The birth of a child with special needs inevitably affects the change in family dynamics. Members of the family are forced to find new patterns of action, to establish a balance, and are pressured into taking a new identity - the identity of disability. The subject of the research are families with children with special needs, expressing a special need in family dynamics with the emphasis on facing a child’s special need, meeting the needs, changes in existing roles, facing challenges and necessary adjustments, experiencing social inclusion and exclusion, making use of assistance, necessary additional assistance and support, information on possible sources of assistance and support, experience of satisfaction with the assistance process, and, last but not least, the future of the assistance process. Families with children with special needs are vulnerable, weak and helpless in establishing a balance, and therefore need social support and support of various specialist services. The subject of research are also professionals, their understanding of the concept of a child with special needs, understanding of the family’s needs, a type of assistance and support they can offer, information on potential sources in Slovenia and abroad, the possibilities of professional development, experiencing interactions with families and, last but not least, prospects of improving the assistance process. In the methodology we conducted interviews with ten families with children with special needs through a qualitative research approach and a technique of a semi-structured interview. These families had the experience of working with specialist services in the field of care for more vulnerable families from governmental and non-governmental organizations as well as with ten professionals from these fields. For this reason we have designed two different questionnaires, specifically for families and specifically for professionals. The transcription of interviews was followed by the encryption of statements within individual phases. The data obtained was presented descriptively and in the tables. By interpreting the results, we deepened our understanding of the power of birth of a child with special needs, of the concept of working relationship towards assistance for families with children with special needs, and the prospects of the needs of the family and professionals in the assistance process. We find that the current assistance does not make it possible to resolve distress and troubles; families are overlooked, invisible, not considered, lacking sufficient sources of information, adjustments and support, they are victims of stigmatization, exclusion, they are placed in an unequal position with others and are dissatisfied with specialist services due to limited financial resources. Social support to families is most commonly given by relatives, professionals and friends. Social worker is mentioned as an example of good practice. Professionals say that they do not have a satisfactory additional education, networking between specialist services, as well as not enough teamwork. According to their experience, families are unresponsive, non-cooperative, they expect immediate results, they do not respect agreements and judge professional work. Based on the research we propose a complete, integrated and individualized approach, based exclusively on the needs of families with children with special needs and covering modern concepts of the assistance process, including suggestions for improvements for an easier social inclusion of families with children with special needs. The purpose of improving is the quality and effectiveness of performance of family-oriented services.
Secondary keywords: otrok s posebnimi potrebami;family;backward child;družina;
File type: application/pdf
Type (COBISS): Doctoral dissertation
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fak.
Pages: X, 231 str.
ID: 11150600