diplomsko delo
Klara Nartnik (Author), Darja Thaler (Reviewer), Bernarda Djekić (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Kritično zdravstveno stanje vpliva na celotno osebo, na telo, um in dušo. Psihološki in duševni dejavniki imajo precejšen vpliv na izide zdravljenja pri fizično hudo prizadetih pacientih. Pacienti se v enotah intenzivnega zdravljenja soočajo z raznolikimi stresorji, tesnobo, okrnjenim dostojanstvom in luknjami v spominu. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom literature raziskati in predstaviti spomine pacientov o doživljanju stresa, okrnjenega dostojanstva in drugih izkušnjah med zdravstveno obravnavo v enotah intenzivnega zdravljenja. Metode dela: Izveden je bil pregled domače in tuje literature, ki je bila pridobljena z iskanjem po vzajemni kataloški bazi podatkov COBISS.SI in s pomočjo spletnega portala Digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani, po mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, Medline, ScienceDirect in Cochrane Library ter v relevantnih znanstvenih revijah v knjižnici na Zdravstveni fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani. V pregled literature za odgovore na raziskovalna vprašanja je bilo vključenih 11 tujih izvirnih znanstvenih člankov, katerih kakovost smo ocenili glede na hierarhijo dokazov. Rezultati: Največji stresorji za paciente so bolečina, nezmožnost spanja, prisotnost cevk v nosu ali ustih, nezmožnost izpolnjevanja družinskih vlog in finančne skrbi. Pacienti v enoti intenzivnega zdravljenja med obravnavo najpogosteje občutijo nemoč, odvisnost od drugih ljudi in tehnologije, ponižanje ter posledično okrnjeno dostojanstvo. Dejavniki, ki so sprožili krhanje dostojanstva pri pacientih, so bili nezmožnost komunikacije in izražanja potreb ter želja, pomanjkanje zasebnosti in spoštovanja ter obravnavanje pacientov, kot da so stroji. Hospitalizacije v enoti intenzivnega zdravljenja se spominja večina pacientov, največ je neprijetnih, veliko pa tudi prijetnih spominov, nekaj malega zavzemajo nejasni in zamegljeni spomini. Razprava in zaključek: Zagotavljanje psihosocialne podpore in dostojanstvena obravnava pacientov sta ključni nalogi medicinskih sester in predpogoj za uspešno zdravljenje. Pomembno je, da se medicinske sestre zavedajo raznolikosti in količine stresorjev pri kritično bolnih pacientih, nevarnosti okrnitve njihovega dostojanstva in si na splošno prizadevajo za čim prijetnejše izkušnje pacientov v enotah intenzivnega zdravljenja. Za bolj informirane in zadovoljne paciente ter posledično manj psiholoških zapletov po odpustu iz bolnišnice bi bila smiselna predstavitev uporabe in poskusno uvajanje dnevnikov v času intenzivnega zdravljenja tudi v slovensko prakso.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;spomini;stresorji;okrnjeno dostojanstvo;avtonomija;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [K. Nartnik]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5675371 Link will open in a new window
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Downloads: 264
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Experiencing stress, maintaining dignity and other experiences of patients in intensive care unit
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Critical health condition affects a patient's whole body, mind, and soul. Psychological and mental factors have a significant impact on the final results of treatment with patients suffering from severe physical trauma. Once in intensive care units, patients have to deal with different stressors, anxiety, undermined dignity, and memory lapses. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to research and present patient's memories about experiencing stress, how their dignity was maintained and other experiences patients had had while undergoing treatment in intensive care units. Methods: We reviewed several sources of domestic and foreign literature by searching for academic articles through COBIB.SI library catalogue and Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana web portal, as well as the CINHAL, Medline, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library international databases. Furthermore, we consulted relevant scientific journals that we found in the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana' library. For the needs of this research, we have included 11 scientific articles, the quality of which was determined based on the evidence hierarchy. Results: The greatest stressors for patients are pain, not being able to sleep, having tubes in your nose and mouth, being unable to fulfill family roles and financial worries. Patients in intensive care units frequently experience helplessness, interdependence, humiliation, and consequently, the feeling of undermined dignity. What hurts a patient's dignity is the inability to communicate and express their needs and desires, lack of privacy and respect, and the dehumanizing treatment that they receive. Patients' memories of hospitalization are mostly unpleasant, but there is a lot of pleasant ones as well. The remaining, smaller parts of their recollection, consists of unclear and vague memories. Discussion and conclusion: Providing psychosocial support and dignified treatment of patients are key nurses' roles and a prerequisite for successful treatment. Nurses need to be well aware of all the different stressors that might affect critical ill patients, as well as the danger of undermining their dignity. They should generally seek to make patient's treatment at intensive care units a pleasant experience. The use of journals during intensive treatment would be reasonable and applicable also in Slovene practice to raise awareness and improve satisfaction among patients, which would result in a decrease in mental health problems after hospital discharge.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;memories;stressors;undermined dignity;autonomy;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 30 str., [1] str. pril.
ID: 11217212