Vpliv klimatskih sprememb na požarno varnost gozdov

diplomsko delo

Peter Kočman (Author), Simon Schnabl (Mentor)

Abstract

Diplomsko delo je rezultat zbiranja in interpretiranja statističnih podatkov, ki so jih pridobile industrijsko neodvisne organizacije in nekateri moji kolegi na področju klimatskih sprememb in gozdnih požarov. Glavno motivacijsko gonilo za nastanek dela je želja po čim bolj objektivnem opisu stanja na tem področju, kjer si mnoge klimatske študije močno nasprotujejo pri interpretaciji izmerjenih/pridobljenih podatkov. V vsebini dela so opisani mehanizmi gorenja, širjenja požarov in vplivi klimatskih sprememb na različne aspekte gozdov, kot ekosistemov, ki so pomembni za požarno varnost le teh. Osrednje teme razprave so vplivi povišanih temperatur, premiki klimatskih pasov, podaljševanje sušnih obdobij, migracije insektov, ekstremni vremenski dogodki, ekonomska škoda, ekološka škoda, kdo je ogrožen in napovedi na osnovi trendov spreminjanja. S študijo trendov sem želel predvsem ugotoviti, če se ozračje spreminja tudi v Sloveniji in bližnji okolici, kako spreminja, kakšne so lahko posledice v prihodnjih letih, ali izvajamo zadostne preventivne ukrepe, in ali smo pripravljeni na efektivno izvedbo ukrepov v primeru neželenega dogodka. Gozdni požar je skratka oblika nekontroliranega širjenja ognja po gozdni površini. Proces gorenja pospešuje predvsem veter in nizka vlažnost goriva. Odvisnost celotnega procesa gozdnega požara enostavno opišemo s tremi soodvisnimi faktorji: vremenom, gorivom in topografijo. Izmed treh sta stanje vremena in goriva vseskozi prisotni spremenljivki, ki najbolj vplivata na stopnjo tveganja za nastanek požara, hkrati pa narekujeta tudi njegovo intenziteto in hitrost širjenja. V glavnem so gozdni požari nezaželeni dogodki, ki ogrožajo prosto živeče živali, obgozdno infrastrukturo in posledično tudi človeka. Rezultat končanega gozdnega požara je najpogosteje velika pogorela površina in hkrati ogromna finančna škoda.

Keywords

požarna varnost;gozd;gozdni požari;požarna ogroženost gozdov;faktorji gozdnih požarov;klimatske spremembe;pojav tople grede;diplomska dela;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2019
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Publisher:	[P. Kočman]
UDC:	614.84(043.2)
COBISS:	1538319043
Views:	1282
Downloads:	197
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary abstract:	The diploma is result of collecting and interpreting statistical data obtained by industrially independent organizations and some of my colleagues in the field of climate change and forest fires. The main motivational drive for creation of this diploma is the desire to provide objective description of the situation in this field, where many climate studies strongly oppose the interpretation of the measured/obtained data. The content of the work describes the mechanisms of combustion, spread of fire and the effects of climate change on various aspects of forests, as ecosystems, that are important for the forest fire safety. The main topics of the discussion are the effects of elevated temperatures, movement of climatic zones, prolongation of drought periods, migration of insects, extreme weather events, economic damage, ecological damage, who is threatened and forecasts based on changing trends. By studying the trends, I wanted to primarily find out if the atmosphere is changing in Slovenia as well as in the vicinity, how it changes, what the consequences might be in the coming years, do we take sufficient preventive measures and are we able to carry out effective measures in case of the unwanted event. Forest fire is a form of uncontrolled spread of fire across the forest surface. The burning process is primarily driven by wind and low fuel humidity. The dependence of the entire process of forest fire is easily described by three interdependent factors: weather, fuel and topography. Of the three, the state of weather and fuel, are constantly present variables that have the greatest influence on the degree of risk for the occurrence of a fire, and at the same time dictate its intensity and rate of spread. In the wild, forest fires are unwanted events that threaten wildlife, environmental infrastructure and consequently also human beings. The result of a finished forest fire is most often a large burned area and at the same time enormous financial damage.
Secondary keywords:	climate change;forest fire;wild fire;safety;forest;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	1000370
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Fak. za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
Pages:	33 str.
ID:	11217232