diplomsko delo
Ahac Istenič (Author), Uroš Kovačič (Reviewer), Damjan Slabe (Mentor), Eva Dolenc (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Pri gibanju na višini 2500 m ali več se lahko pri posamezniku razvije ena ali več od treh oblik akutne višinske bolezni: nespecifični simptomi ali akutna višinska bolezen, možganski edem ali pljučni edem. Namen: predstaviti nekatere nevarnosti in zdravstvene zaplete, ki se pojavijo z izpostavljanjem osebe visoki nadmorski višini in pravilne postopke prve pomoči ob pojavu le-teh. Cilji diplomske naloge so predstaviti kako se višinska bolezen pojavi, kakšne so najpogostejše oblike višinske bolezni, kako preprečiti pojav višinske bolezni, kakšni so znaki in simptomi, ki kažejo na razvoj višinske bolezni ter kakšno je pravilno ukrepanje/prva pomoč ob pojavu višinske bolezni. Metode dela: Naredili smo sistematični pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku o višinski bolezni in prvi pomoči pri pojavu le-te. Uporabili smo literaturo, izdano med letoma 2002 in 2019. Temeljno literaturo smo iskali prek svetovnega spleta po bibliografskih bazah Cinahl, Sciencedirect in Pubmed, ter s pomočjo COBBISS-a in Google Učenjaka. Rezultati: Bistveno je, da posameznik z dobro pripravo na turo ter predvsem postopno aklimatizacijo prepreči pojav višinske bolezni, če pa do zapletov pride, je pomembno znanje prve pomoči. Prva pomoč pri višinski bolezni temelji na zgodnjem prepoznavanju znakov in simptomov. Ob pojavu simptomov je potrebno prenehati z vzpenjanjem, če se kljub ukrepom in terapiji stanje ne izboljša, je nujen sestop. Nekateri dodatni ukrepi vključujejo tudi dodatek kisika, uporabo hiperbarične komore in zdravljenje z zdravili, glede od oblike višinske bolezni. Razprava in zaključek: Pojavnost višinske bolezni narašča, preprečevanje in prva pomoč sta ključna pri zagotavljanju zdravja oseb, ki se izpostavijo visoki nadmorski višini. Poleg zagotavljanja zdravstvene oskrbe je pomembno ustrezno informirati ljudi o preventivi, prepoznavi znakov in simptomov ter nudenju prve pomoči ob pojavu višinske bolezni. Zdravstveniki in diplomirane medicinske sestre so lahko vključeni v obravnavo bolnikov z višinsko boleznijo na odpravah, kot člani ekipe nujne medicinske pomoči na terenu ali pa kot člani zdravstvenega tima na urgentnem oddelku. Vsekakor je za kakovostno izvajanje zdravstvenih intervencij potrebno dodatno formalno izobraževanje zdravstvenih delavcev na tem področju. Predvsem laiki, ki se izpostavljajo višji nadmorski višini morajo poznati morebitne zdravstvene zaplete, ki se lahko tam pojavijo, predvsem pa preprečevanje in prvo pomoč v primeru zapletov.

Keywords

diplomska dela;zdravstvena nega;akutna višinska bolezen;prva pomoč;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [A. Istenič]
UDC: 616-083
COBISS: 5687403 Link will open in a new window
Views: 978
Downloads: 247
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
Metadata: JSON JSON-RDF JSON-LD TURTLE N-TRIPLES XML RDFA MICRODATA DC-XML DC-RDF RDF

Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: First aid at high altitude illness
Secondary abstract: Introduction: Any individual at elevation above 2500m may develop one or more forms of acute altitude sickness. These include nonspecific symptoms or acute mountain sickness which can progress to high altitude cerebral edema or high altitude pulmonary edema. Purpose: The aim of this diploma thesis is to introduce main health risks that arise with high altitude and to present first aid procedures, related to exposure to high altitude. The goal of this work is to present and explain mechanisms of onset of altitude sickness, what are the most common forms of altitude sickness, how to prevent the onset of altitude sickness, what are the signs and symptoms that indicate the development of altitude sickness and what are the correct first aid procedures. Methods: A systematic and thorough review of scientific literature, published in English or Slovene language was performed. We included scientific papers, published in the period between 2002 and 2019, found on bibliographic databases (e.g. Cinahl, Science direct, Pubmed), COBISS and Google Scholar. Results: Each individual can prevent occurrence of altitude sickness with taking care for proper acclimatization process. But if complications occur, the proficiency first aid is an important skill. However, the best measure to prevent occurrence of altitude sickness is. First aid for altitude sickness is based on the early recognition of signs and symptoms. When first symptom occur, it is necessary to stop further ascent. If the symptoms do not improve despite the measures and treatment, it is crucial to immediately descend to lower altitude. Some additional measures also include supplemental oxygen, the use of a hyperbaric chamber and treatment with medications. Discussion and conclusion: Since the incidence of altitude sickness is increasing, the importance of prevention and first aid is gaining extreme importance in ensuring the health of the population. Healthcare professionals may be involved in expeditions as members of the emergency medical team in the field or as members of a health team in the emergency response department. The role of health professionals is to properly inform people about prevention of altitude sickness, to help identify signs and symptoms and to provide first aid in the event of altitude sickness. However, additional formal education of health professionals in this field is required to ensure quality implementation of healthcare interventions.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;nursing care;acute mountain sickness;first aid;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za zdravstveno nego
Pages: 24 str.
ID: 11224195