Gumozni izločki rastlin

diplomsko delo

Sara Kanalec (Author), Helena Šircelj (Mentor)

Abstract

Rastlinske gume so kemijsko kompleksni polisaharidi. Najpogosteje nastajajo na poškodovanih delih rastlin, zlasti pri lesnatih rastlinah. Nastanejo na mestu poškodb, ki so lahko posledica okužb, napada žuželk, lahko pa so kemičnega in mehanskega izvora. Tvorba gum prepreči vdor bolezni ali škodljivcev v rastlino in preprečuje izgube vode. Za sprožitev tvorbe gum je ključen etilen. Nastajanje etilena je povezano s stresnimi dejavniki, kot so napadi gliv, mikrobov ali insektov, in z vodnim stresom. Prav tako pa na tvorbo vplivajo hormoni iz skupine jasmonatov. Veliko raziskav o tvorbi gum poteka na rastlinah iz družine rožnic (Rosaceae). V to družino spadajo tudi koščičastoplodne rožnice (Prunus), kjer ta proces lahko zmanjša količino pridelka in slabi rast dreves. Gume lahko nastajajo tudi v čebulicah tulipanov, hrušic in narcis. Rastlinske gume so zanimive tudi z vidika uporabnosti za človeka. Uporabljajo se v proizvodnji hrane ter v kozmetični in farmacevtski industriji. Gume rožnic imajo velik potencial in so lahko konkurenčne tistim komercialnim gumam, ki jih danes veliko uporabljajo v industriji. Uporabne bi bile lahko za konzerviranje in izboljšanje kvalitete hrane. Njihov potencial predstavljajo nizka cena, dostopnost, netoksičnost, biorazgradljivost, biokompatibilnost in sposobnost spodbujanja kemičnih modifikacij.

Keywords

rastlinske gume;gumoza;rožnice;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2019
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher:	[S. Kanalec]
UDC:	633.93:547.458.7(043.2)
COBISS:	9292921
Views:	542
Downloads:	133
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	Plant gum exudates
Secondary abstract:	Plant gums are complex polysaccharides. They are commonly found on damaged plant tissues, mostly on woody plants. Gums are formed due to damage caused by insects, infections or are caused by chemical or mechanical factors. The formation of gums prevents infection and loss of water. Ethylene is a key hormone in gum production. Stress factors, like insect, microbial of fungal attacks and water stress, induce ethylene production. Jasmonates are also an important group of hormones that cause plant gum formation. A lot of research is being done on plant gum formation in Rosaceae plants. In this family we can find different Prunus plants, where gum production can have a negative impact on fruit yields and tree growth. Gums can also form on bulbs of grape hyacinths, tulips and narcissus. Plant gums are important for human use. Plant gums are used in commercial food product and in pharmaceutical as well as in cosmetical products. Gums produced by Rosaceae plants are comparable to commercial gums. They have the potential to preserve and enhance the food quality. This potential is related to their low cost, availability, non-toxicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and ability to promote chemical modifications.
Secondary keywords:	plant gums;gummosis;Rosaceae;
Type (COBISS):	Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme:	0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE):	1970-01-01
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za agronomijo
Pages:	VI, 20 str.
ID:	11228358