diplomsko delo
Jerneja Horvat (Author), Tina Levec (Reviewer), Andrijana Sever Škapin (Mentor)

Abstract

Uvod: Med najbolj pogoste komplikacije diabetesa spadajo težave s stopali, saj lahko iz majhne mehanske poškodbe ali bakterijske okužbe vodijo v amputacijo dela stopala, celega stopala ali večjega dela spodnjega uda. Zelo pomemben dejavnik obravnave diabetičnega stopala so ortopedski vložki, ki morajo zagotavljati pravilno razmerje med podporo, blaženjem in udobjem. To lahko zagotovimo s primerno obliko vložka in predvsem z izbiro ustreznih materialov za izdelavo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je raziskati kako izbor materialov vpliva na učinkovit pristop k reševanju težav z diabetičnim stopalom. Metode dela: Za raziskovanje smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela. Iskali smo v različnih podatkovnih bazah kot so Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, in drugih. Uporabljena literatura je večinoma v angleškem jeziku. Rezultati: Za izbiro ustreznih materialov za vložke moramo poznati njihove lastnosti, kot so gostota, togost, trenje in strižne sile med stopalom in vložkom, vzdržljivost, odpornost na kompresijo, biokompatibilnost, vpijanje vode, toplotna prevodnost in odpornost na bakterije. Na področju vložkov za diabetična stopala se najpogosteje uporablja penjene materiale in silikon. Najboljše rezultate se doseže s kombinacijo treh plasti, izdelanih iz različnih materialov z različnimi lastnosti. Zgornja plast se mora prilagoditi obliki stopala, srednja ima funkcijo absorpcije udarcev in spodnja funkcijo kontrole gibanja. Razprava in zaključek: Ker imajo diabetiki s stopali pogosto več težav, mora biti vložek primeren za opravljanje več različnih funkcij. Vsak pacient je unikaten, zato ne moremo trditi, da velja za izbiro materialov univerzalno pravilo. Materiale je potrebno izbrati glede na njihove lastnosti in namena uporabe ter značilnosti in želja pacienta.

Keywords

diplomska dela;ortotika in protetika;ortopedski vložki;materiali;diabetes;diabetično stopalo;nevropatija;razjede;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL ZF - University College of Health Studies
Publisher: [J. Horvat]
UDC: 617.3
COBISS: 5693035 Link will open in a new window
Views: 823
Downloads: 333
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Materials for orthopedic insoles for diabetics
Secondary abstract: Introduction: One of the most serious complications of diabetes are foot problems. Even small mechanical injuries or bacterial infections can lead to the amputation of the lower limb. An important factor in the treatment of the diabetic foot are the orthopedic insoles, which should provide the right balance between support, accomodation and comfort. This can be ensured by the proper shape and mostly by the selection of the right materials for manufacturing. Purpose: The purpose of this work is to investigate how the selection of different materials influences the effective approach to diabetic foot treatment. Methods: The descriptive method was employed through the search of various databases e.g. Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and others. The literature used was mostly in English. Results: Without the knowledge of certain material properties it is difficult to select appropriate materials for the insoles. Properties that should be taken into account are density, stiffness, friction and shear forces between the foot and the insole, durability, compression resistance, as well as biocompatibility, moisture absorption and bacterial resistance. According to the research, cellular foam and silicone are the most commonly used materials. Best results can be achieved by combining three materials with different properties for foam insoles. The upper layer should be adjusted to the shape of the foot, the middle one has a shock absorption function and the lowest layer functions as a movement control. Discussion and conclusion: Since diabetics often face several medical issues the insole should be suitable for performing several different functions. Each patient should be treated individually therefore there is no universal rule for the choice of materials. They should be selected based on their performance characteristics and patient’s needs and preferences.
Secondary keywords: diploma theses;orthotics and prosthetics;orthopedic insoles;materials;diabetes;diabetic foot;neuropathy;ulcers;
Type (COBISS): Bachelor thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Zdravstvena fak., Oddelek za protetiko
Pages: 25 str.
ID: 11229080