diplomsko delo
Urška Nosan (Author), Aleš Kuhar (Reviewer), Marija Klopčič (Mentor)

Abstract

Namen diplomske naloge je bilo ugotoviti, kateri so glavni vzroki za predolgo dobo med telitvama in poslabšanje plodnosti pri kravah molznicah. Rejci namenjajo premalo pozornost managementu in selekciji v njihovih čredah. Za izboljšanje plodnosti bi rejci morali živali selekcionirati na dolgoživost in lastnosti nog. S primerno prehrano in vhlevitvijo vplivamo na optimalno delovanje hormonov, ki so povezani z reprodukcijo. Rejci zaradi vse večjih čred in vedno več dela na njihovih kmetijah premalo pozornosti namenjajo odkrivanju pojatev in imajo premalo časa za opazovanje živali. Na račun tega je veliko pojatev spregledanih. Zelo pomembno je tudi, da redno izvajamo korekcijo parkljev, saj samo zdrave živali, ki nimajo težav pri hoji, lahko izkazujejo znake pojatve. V poletnih mesecih moramo živalim zagotoviti primerno mikro-klimo in z zadostnim zračenjem preprečiti pojav vročinskega stresa. Veliko napak v čredah krav molznic je narejenih v dobi presušitve, saj se posledice teh napak odražajo v slabši plodnosti pri teh kravah v naslednji laktaciji. Prehrana in oskrba živali v dobi presušitve je osnova za prirejo mleka, dobro plodnost in zdravje živali v naslednji laktaciji. Živali po telitvi hujšajo, zato pogosto zapadejo v negativno energetsko bilanco. Zaradi nepravilne oskrbe s hranili pred porodom, lahko živali po telitvi zapadejo v bolezenska stanja kot so ketoza, acidoza, poporodna mrzlica, mastitis, … Z uporabo različnih senzorjev za spremljanje aktivnosti si lahko olajšamo ugotavljanje pojatev v čredi. Plodnost je potrebno z različnimi strategijami izboljšati, saj si rejci na račun slabe plodnosti njihovih krav delajo velike izgube in nepotrebne stroške.

Keywords

govedo;krave molznice;plodnost;diplomske naloge;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [U. Nosan]
UDC: 636.2(043.2)
COBISS: 4296072 Link will open in a new window
Views: 568
Downloads: 140
Average score: 0 (0 votes)
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: ǂThe ǂways to improve fertility in herds of dairy cows
Secondary abstract: The purpose of this graduation thesis was to find out what are the main reasons for too calving interval and deterioration of fertility at dairy cows. Breeders not intend enough attention to management and selection in their herds. To improve fertility, breeders should select animals for their longevity and feet & legs characteristics. With optimal nutrition and housing systems for dairy cows, breeders influence on optimal functioning of hormones, which are important for reproduction and fertility of cows. Due to growing herds and increasing work on their farms, breeders are paying too little attention to discovering animals in heat and they have too little time to observe the animals. That’s the reason that many of cows in heat are overlooked. It is also very important that we regularly perform the correction of hoof, since only healthy animals have no problems with locomotion and they can show signs of heat. During the summer, we have to assure that animals have suitable micro-climate conditions and with appropriate ventilation to avoid heat stress. Many mistakes in dairy herds are made during the drying-off period, as the consequences of these mistakes are reflected in the poor fertility of these cows in the next lactation. The feeding and animal care in the drying-off period is the basis for milk production, good fertility and animal health in the next lactation. Animals lose weight after calving, so they often fall into a negative energy balance. Due to improper nutrient supply before calving, animals after calving may fall into different health problems like ketosis, acidosis, milk fever, mastitis… With using different sensors to monitor activity, we can easier identify cows in heat in our herds. Fertility needs to be improved through different strategies, as breeders incur considerable losses and unnecessary costs at the expense of the poor fertility of their cows.
Secondary keywords: cattle;dairy cows;fertility;
Type (COBISS): Diploma project paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za zootehniko
Pages: VII, 27 str.
ID: 11229769