Zbiranje in ravnanje z odpadki iz zdravstva v obdobju 2011-2016 v Sloveniji

(magistrsko delo)

Darja Kokol (Author), Sonja Šostar-Turk (Mentor), Urška Rabuza (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Izhodišča in namen: Odpadki iz zdravstva izhajajo iz zdravstvenih dejavnosti in medicinskih postopkov v bolnišnicah, klinikah, laboratorijih, veterini in raziskovalnih centrih. Neprimerno ravnanje s tovrstnimi odpadki lahko izpostavlja zdravstvene delavce, paciente in širšo skupnost okužbam, toksičnim učinkom ter poškodbam in povečuje tveganje za onesnaženje okolja. Namen magistrskega dela je preučiti podatke o nastajanju in zbiranju posameznih odpadkov iz zdravstva v letih 2011 do 2016 v Sloveniji ter izbranih evropskih državah in ugotoviti, katerih vrst odpadkov iz zdravstva se zbere največ in kako se z njimi ravna. Raziskovalna metodologija: V raziskavi smo analizirali podatke o nastajanju odpadkov v proizvodnih in storitvenih dejavnostih, ki so bili zbrani in objavljeni v letnih poročilih za obdobje 2011–2016 na spletni strani Agencije Republike Slovenije za okolje, in jih analizirali z opisno statistiko. Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je količina nastalih odpadkov iz zdravstva v Sloveniji po letu 2012 močno upadla. Leta 2011 je nastalo 11.393.758 kg teh vrst odpadkov, leta 2016 pa 5.767.176 kg. Odpadki iz zdravstva se predelujejo po postopkih R12 in R13 ter odstranjujejo po postopkih D9, D10 in D13. Diskusija in zaključek: Velika količina odpadkov nastaja zaradi materialov, ki so namenjeni enkratni uporabi. V razvitih državah odpadke iz zdravstva po uporabi ustrezno klasificirajo in ustrezno zavržejo, v manj razvitih pa je glede odpadkov iz zdravstva storjenega zelo malo, zato bi bilo treba sprejeti zakonodajo in strategije, ki bi uredile nastajanje odpadkov iz zdravstva in ravnanje z njimi. Neprimerno ravnanje z odpadki iz zdravstva, posebej v nerazvitih državah, zdravstvene delavce in širšo družbo izpostavlja okužbam in toksičnim učinkom ter slabo vpliva na okolje.

Keywords

zdravstveni odpadki;zbiranje odpadkov;zdravje ljudi;okolje;ravnanje z odpadki;

Data

Language:	Slovenian
Year of publishing:	2019
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
Publisher:	[D. Kokol]
UDC:	628.4.046:614(043.2)
COBISS:	2550436
Views:	777
Downloads:	213
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	English
Secondary title:	The collection and treatment of health care wastes in Slovenia during the period 2011-2016
Secondary abstract:	Theoretical basis and purpose: Healthcare waste arises from healthcare activities and medical procedures carried out in hospitals, clinics, laboratories, veterinary and research centres. Improper waste management can expose healthcare workers, patients and the wider community to infections, toxic effects, injuries, and increases the risk of environmental pollution. The purpose of the master’s thesis is to study the data on the generation and collection of healthcare waste in Slovenia from 2011 to 2016, as well as in selected European countries, and to determine which types of healthcare waste are collected most and how they are handled. Research methodology: In present research, we examined the data from the annual reports on the waste generation during the period 2011–2016, collected by the Slovenian Environment Agency, and analysed the data with descriptive statistics. Results: The results of the research showed that the amount of waste generated in Slovenia has declined sharply after 2012. In 2011, 11.393.758 kilograms of healthcare waste was generated, while in 2016 the number dropped to 5.767.176. Healthcare waste is processed according to the procedures R12 and R13, and disposed according to D9, D10 and D13. Discussion and conclusion: A large amount of waste is generated due to materials intended for single use. While healthcare waste is being properly classified and disposed in well developed countries, this is not the case in less developed countries, which is why they should implement legislation and strategies to regulate healthcare waste generation and management. Inappropriate treatment of healthcare waste, especially in underdeveloped countries, exposes health professionals and wider society to infections, toxic effects, and has an adverse impact on the environment.
Secondary keywords:	health-care waste;waste collection;health;environment;waste treatment;Waste nanagement;Environmental health;Upravljanje z odpadki;Okolje in zdravje;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za zdravstvene vede
Pages:	V, 29 f.
ID:	11239463