magistrsko delo
Janja Kogovšek (Author), Stojan Kostanjevec (Reviewer), Bojan Knap (Mentor)

Abstract

Prehrana in telesna aktivnost sta pomembni pri zdravljenju kronične odpovedi ledvic. Zaradi omejitvene diete in pomanjkanja apetita kot tudi slabe telesne pripravljenosti, se bolniki gibljejo premalo in jedo slabo. Cilj dela je bil s spletnim orodjem natančno analizirati prehrano bolnikov na peritonealni dializi. Primerjali smo vnos hranil s podatki o sestavi telesa, pridobljenimi z bioimpedančnimi meritvami ter z rezultati laboratorijske analize krvi, ki se redno kontrolira med zdravljenjem. S preprostimi testi fizične pripravljenosti, kot je stisk roke ter sedi, vstani test, smo opredelili preiskovančevo telesno zmogljivost in jo primerjali s prehranskim statusom. V raziskavo smo vključili 19 bolnikov na peritonealni dializi. Povprečni energijski vnos vseh 19 bolnikov znaša (1545 ± 295) kcal/dan, povprečni beljakovinski vnos znaša (0,8) g/kg telesne mase/dan, povprečni vnos fosforja znaša (0,8 ± 0,2) g/dan, povprečni vnos kalija (1,9 ± 0,5) g/dan. Povprečni ITM (indeks telesne mase) je (24,4 ± 2,9 kg/m2), povprečni fazni kot, ki predstavlja intaktnost celične membrane, je (5,2 ± 0,9), povprečni LTI (indeks pustega telesnega tkiva) je (14,5 ± 2,8 kg/m2), povprečni FTI (indeks maščobnega telesnega tkiva) je (9,3 ± 3,6 kg/m2). Vnos energije in beljakovin je v povprečju nižji od priporočenih vrednosti za dializne bolnike. Vnos fosforja in kalija ne presega mejnih vrednosti. Rezultati merjenja moči stiska roke kažejo na slabo zmogljivost zgornjih okončin. Bolniki na peritonealni dializi imajo zaradi zahtevnih priporočil težave pri izbiri ustreznih živil in samem prehranjevanju, zaradi pomanjkanja volje in energije pa je stopnja telesne dejavnosti nizka. S kombinacijo ocene fizične zmogljivosti in ocene jedilnika pričakujemo diagnostiko njihovih prehranskih problemov. S primernimi ukrepi bi prispevali k izboljšanju rezultatov zdravljenja in tudi kvalitete življenja teh bolnikov.

Keywords

prehrana;kronična ledvična bolezen;dializni bolniki;analiza prehranskega stanja;peritonealna dializa;beljakovinska podhranjenost;metoda jedilnika prejšnjega dne;prehranski vnos;bioimpedančne meritve;sestava telesa;funkcionalna zmogljivost;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UL BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publisher: [J. Kogovšek]
UDC: 613.2:616.61
COBISS: 5122168 Link will open in a new window
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Impact of nutritional status on rehabilitation of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis
Secondary abstract: A proper nutritional approach and regular physical activity are important to improve the quality of life and to maintain physical ability in renal patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Physical inactivity and poor nutritional status are common in renal patients, because of the restrictive diet, appetite loss and poor physical fitness. The aim of this clinical study was to analyse dietary intake of 19 patients. We compared the dietary intake with their body composition, measured with bio impendance spectroscopy. With simple tests such as hand grip test and sit to stand test, we assesed the patients physical ability and compared the results with their nutritional status. Average caloric intake of 19 patients is 1545 ± 295 kcal/day, or 21,4 kcal/kg body weight /day, average protein intake is 0,8 g/kg body weight/day, average phosphorus intake is 0,8 ± 0,2 g/day and average potassium intake is 1,9 ± 0,5 g/day. Average BMI (body mass index) is 24,4 ± 2,9 kg/m2, average phase angle is 5,2 ± 0,9, average LTI (lean tissue index) is 14,5 ± 2,8 kg/m2 and average FTI (fat tissue index) is 9,3 ± 3,6 kg/m2. Average energy intake and protein intake is inadequate according to the dietary recommendations for patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Average phosphorus intake and potassium intake corresponds to the recommendations. The results of the hand grip test showed hand grip weakness and reduced muscle strenght among observed patients. Patients report a lack of motivation and energy, which are associated with low levels of physical activity. The results of this study will help us diagnose our patients nutritional status, so we can find suitable measurements to ensure the proper rehabilitation and improve our patients quality of life.
Secondary keywords: nutrition;chronic kidney disease;dialysis patients;nutritional assessment;peritoneal dialysis;protein energy wasting;24 hour recall;nutritional status;bioimpedance;body composition;functional performance;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Study programme: 0
Embargo end date (OpenAIRE): 1970-01-01
Thesis comment: Univ. v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fak., Oddelek za živilstvo
Pages: X, 61 f., [3] f. pril.
ID: 11299374