Energy storage by means of supercapacitors

master's thesis

Alen Krunić (Author), Dalibor Igrec (Mentor), Sebastijan Seme (Co-mentor)

Abstract

Nowadays, traditional sources are mostly used for energy production, such as fossil and nuclear fuels. Such energy sources have a negative impact on the environment. As a result, trends in energy production are increasingly focused on renewable energy sources. These energy sources are available everywhere and their environmental impact is minimal. Nonetheless, these energy sources cannot be exploited with the same efficiency during the day (the Sun is not present the whole day, in winter, the sunlight days are shorter, the wind is not constant, etc.) or during different periods of the year. The variable amount of energy, produced from these sources and the integration with energy distribution systems, must not be overlooked. This is especially important in power plants, where it is necessary to ensure high energy reserves at excess load, which can be achieved by incorporating an improved energy storage system and higher efficiency of produced electricity. This process contributes to a significant reduction in costs. Direct energy storage systems, described in this master's thesis, are used in applications that require many fast charging and discharging cycles instead of a long-term energy storage in cars, buses, trains and lifts, where they are used for regenerative braking, short-term energy storage or as a primary source of electricity. Supercapacitors are electrochemical double-layer capacitors with low energy density and high power density. They have low series resistance, so they have the ability to emit high current, allowing them to charge quickly and a long lifespan. The goal of the thesis is to determine experimental parameters of supercapacitors and to compare them with theoretical parameters and batteries. With the simulation method of charge and discharge we have proven, that differences in results exists.

Keywords

storage;supercapacitor;application;modelling;

Data

Language:	English
Year of publishing:	2020
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	UM FE - Faculty of Energetics
Publisher:	[A. Krunić]
UDC:	621.319.4:681.586(043.2)
COBISS:	1024384860
Views:	1377
Downloads:	121
Average score:	0 (0 votes)
Metadata:

Other data

Secondary language:	Slovenian
Secondary title:	Shranjevanje energije s pomočjo superkondenzatorjev
Secondary abstract:	Dandanes se za proizvodnjo električne energije večinoma uporabljajo tradicionalna goriva, kot so na primer fosilna in jedrska goriva. Zaradi stranskih produktov njihove uporabe ti viri energije pri pridobivanju, predelavi, distribuciji in uporabi negativno vplivajo na okolje. Zaradi tega so trendi pri proizvodnji električne energije vedno bolj osredotočeni na obnovljive vire energije (sončna, vetrna, hidroenergija, biomasa itd.), ki so na voljo povsod, njihov vpliv na okolje pa je minimalen. Kljub temu nekaterih virov ni mogoče izkoriščati z enako učinkovitostjo čez dan (sonce sije polovico dneva, pozimi so dnevi, ko je na voljo sončna svetloba, krajši, veter ni konstanten na vseh lokacijah itd.) ali v različnih obdobjih leta. Prav tako ne smemo spregledati spremenljive količine energije, pridobljene iz teh virov, in povezave s sistemi za distribucijo energije. To je še posebej pomembno v elektrarnah, kjer je potrebno zagotoviti visoke rezerve energije pri presežni obremenitvi, kar je mogoče doseči z vključitvijo izboljšanega sistema shranjevanja energije in večje učinkovitosti proizvedene električne energije. Ta postopek prispeva k znatnemu zmanjšanju stroškov. Sistemi neposrednega shranjevanja energije, opisani v magistrski nalogi, se uporabljajo v aplikacijah oz. sistemih, ki zahtevajo veliko ciklov hitrega polnjenja in praznjenja za razliko od dolgoročnega shranjevanja energije v avtomobilih, avtobusih, vlakih, žerjavih in dvigalih, kjer se uporabljajo za kratkotrajno shranjevanje energije ali kot primarni vir električne energije. Danes so baterije najpogostejša oblika shranjevanja energije. Njihova prednost je shranjevanje le-te z daljšim praznjenjem. Z nenehnim razvojem materialov in tehnologij za proizvodnjo baterij le-te uspejo shraniti veliko količino električne energije, vendar je ne morejo v kratkem času izprazniti kot superkondenzatorji. Superkondenzatorji imajo prav to prednost, da v zelo kratkem času izvedejo veliko število ciklov polnjenja in praznjenja.
Secondary keywords:	shranjevanje;superkondenzatorji;aplikacija;modeliranje;
Type (COBISS):	Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment:	Univ. v Mariboru, Fakulteta za energetiko
Pages:	XVI, 58 f.
ID:	11384773