magistrsko delo
Tanja Vajs (Author), Jurij Dolenšek (Mentor), Saška Lipovšek Delakorda (Co-mentor)

Abstract

V študiji smo želeli raziskati vpliv zahodne diete (WD) na strukturo tkiv trebušne slinavke, s poudarkom na (ultra)strukturi celic beta, s pomočjo svetlobne mikroskopije in presevne elektronske mikroskopije (TEM). V ta namen smo analizirali in primerjali strukturo in ultrastrukturo celic beta Langerhansovih otočkov pri kontrolnih miših in miših, hranjenih z zahodno dieto. Pri eksperimentalnem delu smo uporabili mišje samce C57BL/6J (Mus musculus domesticus), ki so jih hranili z zahodno dieto in kontrolno prehrano (CoD). Zahodna dieta je vsebovala 40 % kcal iz maščob, 43 % iz ogljikovih hidratov in 17 % iz beljakovin, kar je primerljivo z zahodno prehrano ljudi, ki vsebuje podobne deleže makrohranil. Ugotovili smo, da miši, hranjene z zahodno dieto, razvijejo patološke spremembe v strukturi in ultrastrukturi Langerhansovih otočkov, v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino miši, hranjenih s standardno kontrolno dietno prehrano, kjer strukturnih sprememb nismo opazili. Struktura Langerhansovih otočkov miši (uporaba svetlobne mikroskopije), hranjenih z zahodno dieto, je bila nehomogena in ne kompaktna ter je vsebovala več zunajceličnega prostora kot pri miših, hranjenih s kontrolno prehrano. Opazili smo številne nekrotične celice v eksokrinem in endokrinem tkivu. Ugotovili smo, da je ultrastruktura celic beta otočkov miši (uporaba TEM mikroskopije), hranjenih z zahodno dieto, patološko spremenjena. V citoplazmi beta celic smo opazili lipidne kaplje in avtofagne strukture (avtofagosom, avtolizosome). Najpomembneje, miši, hranjene z zahodno dieto, imajo izrazito povečan premer cistern zrnatega endoplazmatskega retikuluma (zER) in večjo površino enega jedra v primerjavi z mišmi, hranjenimi s CoD. Okroglost ene cisterne v enem kompleksu Golgijevega aparata je večja v celicah beta pri miših, hranjenih s kontrolno dieto. S tem smo pokazali, da se ultrastruktura celic miši, hranjenih z zahodno dieto, spremeni in nakazuje patološke spremembe.

Keywords

magistrska dela;sladkorna bolezen;zahodna dieta;struktura celic beta;modeli sladkorne bolezni;trebušna slinavka;celice beta;prehrana HFD;Langerhansov otoček;

Data

Language: Slovenian
Year of publishing:
Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization: UM FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Publisher: [T. Vajs]
UDC: 616.379:233-442(043.2)
COBISS: 25148168 Link will open in a new window
Views: 776
Downloads: 179
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Other data

Secondary language: English
Secondary title: Comparison of the structure of beta cells of Langerhans islets in control mice and western-diet mice
Secondary abstract: The objective of the study was to investigate the influence of the Western diet on the structure of pancreatic tissues, focusing on the (ultra)structure of beta cells, using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). To this end, the structure and ultrastructure of beta cells in islets of Langerhans were analysed and compared in control mice and mice fed a Western diet. In the experimental work, C57BL/6J, male mice (Mus musculus domesticus) fed the Western diet (WD) and control diet (CoD) were used. The experimental Western diet consisted of 40% fat, 43% carbohydrates and 17% protein, which is comparable to the Western human diet, which contains a similar proportion of macronutrients. We found that mice fed the Western diet develop pathological changes in the structure and ultrastructure of the islets of Langerhans compared to the control group of mice fed the standard control diet which do not develop these changes. Using light microscopy, the structure of the islet of Langerhans in mice fed the Western diet was found to be inhomogeneous and non-compact and to contain more extracellular space than in mice fed the control diet. Numerous necrotic cells in exocrine and endocrine tissue were observed. Using TEM, we discovered that the ultrastructure of mouse islet beta cells in those fed the Western diet was pathologically altered. Lipid droplets and autophagic structures (autophagosome, autolysosomes) were observed in the cytoplasm of beta cells. Most importantly, mice fed the Western diet have a markedly increased diameter of cisterns of granular endoplasmic reticulum (zER) and they have a larger surface area of a single nucleus compared to the control group of mice. The circumference of one cistern in one complex of the Golgi apparatus in beta cell is larger in mice fed the control diet. This has shown that the ultrastructure of the cells of mice fed the Western diet changes and suggests pathological changes.
Secondary keywords: master theses;diabetes mellitus;Western diet;beta cell structure;models of diabetes;mellitus;pancreas;beta cells;HFD diet;islet of Langerhans;
Type (COBISS): Master's thesis/paper
Thesis comment: Univ. v Mariboru, Fak. za naravoslovje in matematiko, Oddelek za biologijo
Pages: XV, 86 f.
ID: 11395668